World History 3—4/26/2018 Good morning. Have your notebooks out Intro to Communism in China Intro reading and Q’s

CrashCourse: China Watch the video!

China’s Background Ruled by emperor until 1912 revolution led by Sun Yat-sen (Guomindang Nationalist) Warlord controlled 1912-1916 Chaos 1916-1925 Guomindang (democratic) took control back in 1925 (led by Chiang Kai-shek)

Communists in Control Communists and Nationalists resumed civil war following World War II Manchuria – taken over by Communists in 1948 December, 1949 -- Communists in control Chiang Kai-shek and Nationalists retreated to Formosa (Taiwan)

China’s Civil War

Tale of Two China’s Nationalist Republic of China- Taiwan (Democratic) Supported by United States Peoples Republic of China- Mainland China (Communist) Mao Zedong Supported by Soviet Union 1949 Communists win

The People’s Republic of China (PRC) 1949-1976

Leadership Under Mao One party Dictatorship Totalitarian state based on Soviet model Denied people basic rights & freedoms Goals- Transform China into modern industrial nation Mao Zedong 毛泽东

Communism in China Leadership under Mao

Think Back… What did STALIN do in the USSR in order to increase AGRICULTURAL production? What did STALIN do in the USSR in order to increase INDUSTRIAL production? Did either plan work?

Economic Changes Under Mao First Five-Year Plan (1953-1957) Advances in agriculture and coal, electricity, iron, and steel production Second Five-Year Plan (1958-1962) “Great Leap Forward” China became a leading industrial country Peasants organized into communes (collectivization) Land redistributed from wealthy to peasants Widespread famine – at least 14,000,000 deaths

“Great Leap Forward” - 1958 Plan to increase industrial & agricultural output High production quotas Established “Peoples Communes” Peasants had no incentive to work Program was major failure Poor planning, low production, crop failures, famine, shortage of raw materials 40 million die before program ends in 1961

The Cultural Revolution Attempt to renew peoples loyalty to Communism Purges of counterrevolutionaries Intellectuals & artists Militia units known as The Red Guard formed by students Goal=Destroy the 4 olds Old customs, culture, habits & ideas Purged those who were old communist party members Replaced with new loyal members

Relations with Foreign Powers USSR offers financial, military & technical aid Relationship breaks apart in 1960’s Supports North Korea in Korean War U.S. does not formally recognize China until 1979 UN Membership in 1971

Cultural Revolution Reading Use the reading to answer the questions. For the analysis questions, make sure you use evidence to support your answer. Due at the end of the period

World History 3—5/1/2018 Good morning. Have your notebooks out Deng Xiaoping Notes & the 4 Modernizations Current event (if time) Vocab quiz next Monday U3 exam next Tues or Wed

Great leap Forward & Cultural Revolution Review Review Video

Communism in China Leadership under Deng

Comparison Mao=Stalin Deng=Lenin

Deng Xiaoping Promoted foreign trade and contact with western World 4 modernizations: Industry, Agriculture, Science & technology, Defense Eliminated communes Cracked down on dissidents (those against him or communism)

4 Modernizations Economic Reform: supported capitalist ideas but remained Communist Welcomed foreign investment Set up zones where they could own and operate business Results: Economy grew but increased the gap between the rich and the poor

Tiananmen Square Tiananmen Square- Thousands killed/arrested May 1989 Peaceful student protest for greater Democracy Thousands killed/arrested Human rights violations still a huge issue

China of the 1990s Economically open/ politically closed Transfer of Hong Kong (1997) from British control Agreed not to change Hong Kong’s political or economic system for 50 years

China Today Economic Force As more capitalist trends are introduced, the question is: How long can they continue the Communist political philosophy? Mass Surveillance? Censorship Laws? One Child Policy?