Water supply and sanitation affecting health

Presentation overview Objectives Vietnam National Health Survey Diarrheal illness and poverty Analysis of WSS and health Recommendations

Background Objectives: Large sample (36,000 households, 61 provinces) Assess health risks of drinking water supply and sanitation Identify population at risk of illness Assist in identifying water and sanitation sector priorities Large sample (36,000 households, 61 provinces) Information on; sources of household drinking water supply, sanitation facilities, household behavior, e.g boiling and treating of drinking water, identified pollution sources near dug wells, prevalence and indicators of severity of diarrheal illness socio-economic status, e.g. living standard, education level etc

Sources of drinking water

Types of toilets

Findings from VNHS data WATER, SANITATION AND HEALTH Findings from VNHS data Source : Calculated from the Vietnam National Health Survey 2002. Ministry of Health. Vietnam

Factors influencing ADI (under 5) Factors influencing ADI (5 or older)

Factors influencing ADI (all population) * Only for people using dug well

Factors influencing # of disease days of ADI (all ages) Population by quintile have using dug well close to pollution source

Population using surface water by quintile

Population by quintile using dug well with nearby pollution source

Population with no toilet by quintile

% population with no toilet % population using river, lake, spring, pond as water supply % population with pollution source near drinking water source (i.e. dug well)

Proportion of population using dug well water Proportion of population with pollution source near water source (% of population with dug well) Proportion of population using dug well water

Treatment of Drinking Water

Population using treated water by quintile*

Recommendations Priority should be given to providing WSS to those without any services. Second priority should be to address dug well pollution. This requires further understanding of cost-effective sollutions It seems less important to focus on upgrading of services for those already with basic coverage (other than polluted dug wells). Additional health benefits could be gained by targeting poor households because of their higher ADI rates Hygiene promotion should be an integral part of WSS provision The study has identified provinces of particular priority for WSS programs

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