Population Casestudies Aims: To examine what is an effective case study. To trial different ways of revising casestudies.

Solving population problems in MEDCs: The Zuider Zee Scheme The Zuiderzee Works are a man-made system of dams, land reclamation and water drainage works, and the largest hydraulic engineering project undertaken by the Netherlands during the twentieth century. The project involved the damming off of the Zuiderzee, a large, shallow inlet of the North Sea, and the reclamation of land in the newly enclosed water body by means of polders. Its main purpose was to improve flood protection and create additional land for agriculture.

Solving population problems in MEDCs: The Zuider Zee Scheme Why: The Netherlands is one of the most densely populated countries in the world. 370 people per km2 compared to Denmark 120 people per km2 or UK 238 people per km2. It is very low-lying with 40% of the country below sea level. More space was needed for homes, industry and farmland in order to house and feed a growing population. The country was also short of fresh water and had a coastline vulnerable to flooding. The 32 km long Afsluitdijk separates the IJsselmeer from the North Sea, protecting thousands of km² of land.

Solving population problems in MEDCs: The Zuider Zee Scheme Success? Since 1930 to 1996 a total of 5 Polders have been constructed and 165000 hectares have been created. The new town of Lelystad has acted as an overspill for Amsterdam. In addition to their original purpose they have also provided a collection of valuable ecological and recreational areas.

Solving population problems in LEDCs: Irrigation in Egypt The Sahara desert stretches across North Africa into Egypt. Egypt has a population of 60 million people. 99% of Egypt’s population live on only 4 per cent of the land area.

Solving population problems in LEDCs: Irrigation in Egypt – The Aswan Dam Without impoundment the River Nile floods each year during summer as waters from East Africa flow down the river. These floods brought nutrients and minerals that made the soil around the Nile fertile and ideal for farming. As the population along the river grew, there came a need to control the flood waters to protect farmland and cotton fields. In a high-water year, the whole crop may be entirely wiped out, while in a low-water year there was widespread drought and famine. The aim of this water project was to prevent the river's flooding, generate electricity and provide water for agriculture.

Solving population problems in LEDCs: Irrigation in Egypt Benefits: At maximum, 11,000 m³ of water can pass through the dam every second When the dam first reached peak output it produced around half of Egypt's entire electricity production (about 15% by 1998) and allowed for the connection of most Egyptian villages to electricity for the first time. A new fishing industry has been created around Lake Nasser The effects of dangerous floods in 1964 and 1973 and of threatening droughts in 1972–73 and 1983–84 were mitigated

Solving population problems in LEDCs: Irrigation in Egypt It flooded much of lower Nubia and over 90,000 people were displaced. The silt which was deposited in the yearly floods and made the Nile floodplain fertile is now held behind the dam. Silt deposited in the reservoir is lowering the water storage capacity of Lake Nasser. Poor irrigation practices are waterlogging soils and bringing salt to the surface. Mediterranean fishing declined after the dam was finished because nutrients that used to flow down the Nile to the Mediterranean were trapped behind the dam. Problems

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Test time !!!! Changes in population can often cause problems. Identify a population issue and explain how a country has attempted to solve the problem. 6 marks With reference to examples explain how population problems can be overcome by a country. 6 marks Over crowding and a pressure on resources are two problems that can be caused by a country’s population. With reference to an example evaluate the effectiveness of a scheme that has been put in place to alleviate either over crowding or pressure on resources. 6 marks