DO NOW: (Notes: Developing an American Identity) “Churches came to be places in which fundamental political assumptions were forged (created): ideas about the meaning of America.” - Nathan O. Hatch, “The Democratization of Christianity in the Character of American politics Briefly restate Hatch’s historical interpretation in your own words (aka: what is he arguing about churches?) Briefly explain ONE fact or development that that could be used to support his interpretation. Briefly explain ONE fact or development that could be used to refute his interpretation.

Road to revolution Birth of a Nation

background Republicanism – idea that the best form of government was democracy, modeled on ancient Greece and Rome. Radical Whigs – British political commentators; fear that royal authority would subvert the power of Parliament.

Mercantilism Colonies were a source of natural resources for Britain. Bought finished British goods. Restricted trade with other nations.

Seven years’ war, taxes Large cost of war. Sugar Act of 1764 Quartering Act of 1765 Stamp Tax of 1765 Admiralty courts – no jury trial for violators.

Early rebellion Stamp Act Congress Nonimportation agreements – refusal to buy British goods. Sons of Liberty/Daughters of Liberty – used force to enforce nonimportation agreements.

Escalation Declaratory Act – British had total authority over colonies. Townshend Acts – goods taxed at port. New York Legislature suspended.

Boston massacre British soldiers sent to enforce Townshend Acts. Colonial protestors clashed with British ”Redcoats” on March 5, 1770. 11 killed or wounded.

Republicanism could best described as ____________________. The belief that democracy is the best form of government. Monarchies are just because they derive their authority from God. An ideology that was modeled off of Ancient Greece and Rome. A desire to overthrow the ruling bourgeois. Both “A” and “C”

This chart shows the colonists’ problems with what system? Indentured servitude Slavery Free trade Mercantilism Imperialism

British Parliament passed a series of taxes to cover the cost of what conflict? Three Years’ War French and Indian War (Seven Years’ War) World War I King Philip’s War Pequot War

Why did colonists detest the “Declaratory Act?” The law placed taxes on imported sugar. The law forced all colonial citizens to join the British army to provide defense against Indian attacks. The law declared that no British settlements would ever be established beyond the Appalachian Mountains. The law limited colonial authority and asserted British control over the colonies. The law removed freedom of press, assembly, and speech from American colonists.

The event that triggered further resentment against the British Crown and inflamed revolutionary spirits was known as the ___________________. French and Indian War. French Revolution Act of tarring and feathering Boston Massacre Both “B” and “C”