Conservation is now ,the earth doesn’t wait Laura Corchero Mª Belén Díaz Mª Olalla Espada Marta Figueredo Julia Sansón

Index Air Pollution Water Pollution Loss of Biodiversity Deforestation Light Pollution Acoustic Pollution Desertification

Air pollution Air pollution is the introduction into the atmosphere of chemicals, particulates, or biological materials. In 2008 the World Meteorological Organization warned that air pollution reached it’s higher levels. Problems : Air pollution cause discomfort, disease, or death to humans, damage other living organisms such as food crops, or damage the natural environment or built environment. Causes : Emissions from industries and manufacturing activities, Burning Fossil Fuels, Household and Farming Chemicals, farts…

Pollute the air is pollute our lungs. smog

Air pollution Solutions : The use of renewable energy, to minimize burning of fossil fuels, which cause heavy air pollution. Governments must control companies to be more responsible with the environment. The use of electric cars, public transport Use energy more wisely.

Water pollution Water pollution is the contamination of water bodies. In the USA, 34 billion of solvents, heavy metals and radioactive materials are injected into the groundwater. Problems: Hurts wildlife of animals and plants, undrinkable water, poisoning of fish that we eat. Causes: Factories near rivers and lakes doing illegal dumping. Oil Pollution caused by oil spills from tankers Burning fossil fuels into the air causes the formation of acidic particles in the atmosphere. When these particles mix with water vapor, the result is acid rain. Global warming causes an increase in water temperature.

Pollute water is polluting ourselves

Water pollution Solutions: Never throw rubbish. Use water wisely. Buy more environmentally safe products. If you use chemicals and pesticides for your gardens and farms, be mindful not to overuse pesticides and fertilizers.

Loss of biodiversity Loss of biodiversity: The loss of biodiversity is the diminishing of different species within an ecosystem. The rate of extinction has increased dramatically in recent years due to our impact as humans. It is estimated that if current environmental practices are not changed, we may lose 50% of all species globally. Problems : There is also the loss of the genetic diversity within species, as well as the loss of diversity of different types of ecosystems ,which can contribute to or speed up whole species extinction. It produces environmental changes and the reduction of the natural resources. Main Causes : Invasive Species, Habitat loss, Pollution Climate Change , overexploitation of resources .

We are the next

Loss of biodiversity Solutions: Establish more protected areas free of humans. Preventing Species Introductions . Slowing Climate Change . Stop deforestation. Reduce environmental pollution.

Deforestation Deforestation :It is the permanent destruction of indigenous forests and woodlands, three million hectares disappear every year. Indigenous forests now only cover 21% of the earth's land surface. Problems : Alteration of local and global climates through disruption of : the carbon cycle and the water cycle /Soil erosion , because of the loss of a protective cover of vegetation. /Silting of water courses./Extinction of species which depend on the forest for survival. /Desertification . Main Causes : conversion of forests and woodlands to agricultural land./development of cash crops and cattle ranching./ commercial logging./felling of trees for firewood and building material. Almost all of this deforestation occurs in the moist forests and open woodlands of the tropics. At this rate all moist tropical forest could be lost by the year 2050,   

Trees today , gone tomorrow

Deforestation Trees are one of the most important elements of the planet we live in , because they act as filters of carbon dioxide . So we need some solutions for deforestation : Solutions : To stop the massive cut of trees Wildlife Sanctuaries Commercial Forest Plantations (Reforestation) Water Management

Light Pollution Light pollution occurs when artificial light intrudes on the envirnoment. This phenomenon occurs around urban centers. Causes: It's produced by light of the cities. This light goes to the atmosphere and then go back to the ground. Blue light is specially harmful. Consequences: Citty lights as far as 200 miles away diminish views of night skies. -Affects wildlife and plants (disorient turtles, birds, etc) - In humans, can cause cardiac and sleep problems.

Light Pollution

Light Pollution Solutions: Light pollutions is maybe the easiest to reduce: Make sure outdoor lights reflect downward Change high voltage bulbs to low voltage bulbs. Turn off lights when not needed.

ACOUSTIC POLLUTION Acoustic or noise pollution is the excessive noise that may disrupt the activity or balance of human or animal life. We talk about acoustic pollution when 65 decibels are reached during the day and 50 during the night. In animals and in humans can produce serious mental disorders , like anxiety or stress Causes: Traffic noise People living beside railway stations put up with a lot of noise from locomotive engines, horns… Plumbing, boilers, generators, air conditioners and fans create a lot of noise in the buildings and add to the prevailing noise pollution. Household equipments, such as vacuum cleaners, mixers and some kitchen appliances are noisemakers of the house. 

ACOUSTIC POLLUTION

ACOUSTIC POLLUTION Solutions of acoustic pollution: We can watch television programs, listen to radio or use the washing machines selectively to reduce noise in domestic sectors. Use any absorbing materials, like carpets to minimize noise generated from felling of items within the house. Prohibit the usage of loudspeakers in habitant zones unless necessary requirements, like engaging wide audiences, or functions.

Desertification - Desertification is a type of land degradation in which a relatively dry land region becomes increasingly arid, typically losing its bodies of water as well as vegetation and wildlife. Desertification now affects 30% of the Earth’s land surface and all continents. Causes: The immediate cause is the removal of vegetation. Unprotected, dry soil surfaces then blow away with the wind or are washed away by flash floods, leaving infertile lower soil layers that bake in the sun and become an unproductive hardpan.

Desertification

Desertification Consequencies: -Soil becomes less usable -Vegetation is Lacked or Damaged -Causes Famine -Food Loss The soil is not suited for growing food -People near Affected Areas Desertification can cause flooding, poor water quality, dust storms, and pollution.

Desertification Solutions To solve the problems caused by desertification means increase the amount of food that can be grown in areas where people live and farm the land. The following problems can be tackled by 1. Deforestation - Aforestation, that is re-planting trees, especially in shelter belts. Planting grasses can help stabilise the soil and cut down on erosion by wind and rain. 2. Overcultivation - Using good farming practices such as proper crop rotation and the use of manure as a fertiliser 3. Overgrazing - It is important that the young trees are fenced off to prevent grazing by animals 4. Poor irrigation - Make sure the water is not evaporated on the surface which wastes water and increases its salinity 5. Drought - This can be triggered by deforestation, so aforestation should help reduce this. Also terracing the land to slow down the water running off will make better use of the rain that does fall

THE END Laura Corchero Mª Belén Díaz Mª Olalla Espada Marta Figueredo Julia Sansón