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2 Objectives Explain how to implement green fleets Learn about incentives for utilizing idle reduction technologies and strategies Learn about the availability and cost of idle reduction technologies and strategies Identify the advantages of idle reduction technologies and strategies Understand the performance of vehicles with idle reduction technologies

3 Why use green fleets? Reduce operating costs Reduce greenhouse gas emissions Improve corporate image Greening of Fleets

4 How to Implement Green Fleets Get buy-in Create long-term objectives Avoid setting reduction goals in absolute numbers Anticipate obstacles Move slowly Improve vehicle use Track and report progress

5 Petroleum and emissions reduction strategy Idle = speed at which ICEs rotate under no throttle or load Tachometer displays engine speed Smooth engine operation for vehicle acceleration from stop and adequate oil pressure Idle Reduction in Fleets

6 Transportation and convenience idling Technologies, policies, practices to reduce engine idle time Strategies and technologies to reduce both transportation and convenience idling Figure 1: The engine tachometer showing a vehicles idle speed. Source: NAFTC.

7 Idle Reduction Strategies Any reduction in idle time = fuel savings Avoid traffic by planning trips Fleet guidelines to reduce idle time Reductions = immediate savings

8 Idle Reduction Technologies New technologies, improved fuel economy and reduced emissions Light-, medium-, and heavy-duty vehicle fuel savings Idle shutoff functions, mild hybrid technologies APUs for long haul trucks TSE implementation

9 Incentives Partnership initiatives and pooled resources Financial subsidiaries Informational tools Initial cost vs. federal and state incentives American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA) Clean Cities Program Incentives for using Idle Reduction in Fleets

10 Tax Incentives Federal and state incentives for alternative fuels and advanced technology vehicles Implementation of idle reduction equipment Funding and partnership opportunities for idle reduction technologies

11 For a list of qualifying tax exempt idle reduction equipment, visit ology/excise-tax.htm. ology/excise-tax.htm

12 Federal Grant Funding Federal government = largest grant provider U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA)

13 State Grant Funding State Energy Office (SEO) National Association of State Energy Officials directory Alternative Fuels Data Center map To find state-specific information, visit

14 Idle Reduction Laws Generally limit the time a vehicle is idling No idle zones Schools Individual rules for each city/area

15 To search local idle restrictions, visit cles/idle_reduction_laws.html. cles/idle_reduction_laws.html

16 Light-Duty Block Heaters Utilize grid power to maintain engine temperature Heavy-duty vehicles Reduce problems associated with cold starts Idle Reduction Availability and Cost

17 Light- and Medium-Duty Mild Hybrids Idle shutoff function Utilizes small battery pack and MG Small amounts of energy Onboard energy storage

18 Light-Duty New Idle Shutoff Technologies Reduced energy needed to restart engine One way clutch technology Micro-hybrid systems

19 Heavy-Duty HOS requirements Average truck idles for more than 1,900 hours annually Truck idling consumes more than three billion gallons of diesel annually

20 Heavy-Duty Truck Stop Electrification (TSE) Electrified parking spots at truck stops Enable drivers to meet rest requirements without idling Figure 2: Long haul truck utilizing single system electrification. Source: IdleAir.

21 To find an electrified truck stop in your region, the DOE hosts a site locator searchable by zip code. It can be found by visiting tor/tse. tor/tse

22 Heavy-Duty Truck Stop Electrification (TSE) Single-system vs. dual-system Single-system offers HVAC, electricity, internet, cable Unit is placed in passenger window Dual-system requires onboard equipment Driver plugs truck into outlet to power onboard equipment

23 Heavy-Duty Onboard Equipment Powered by external electrical source or existing fuel system More efficient than allowing the engine to idle

24 Heavy-Duty Onboard Heating Direct-fired = small furnaces Consume only a small amount of fuel per hour Coolant heater = heat transfer system Can be used to heat cabin and warm engine in cold climates

25 Heavy-Duty Onboard Cooling Thermal storage, battery-electric air conditioners Thermal storage: energy is stored during normal operation, used at a later time to cool cab Battery-electric air conditioners: powered by onboard batteries that are charged at truck stops Both produce zero local emissions

26 Heavy-Duty Auxiliary Power Units Small vehicle-mounted systems Electrical generator powered by an internal combustion engine Powers accessories, HVAC Heat recapture from ICE Rechargeable battery packs

27 Strategies Determine appropriate warm-up time Know the equipment being utilized in your vehicle Turn engine off

28 Cost Tax benefits for hybrid vehicles Heavy-duty vehicle modification incentives Fuel cost savings will help cover any initial investment over time

29 Reduced fuel consumption Fewer vehicle emissions Lower operating costs Increased engine life No-cost implementation of strategies Idle Reduction Advantages

30 Things to Consider Possible capital investment Personal convenience may be compromised

31 Extended engine life Extended idling adds unnecessary wear to engine components Fuel savings helps offset capital costs Exemptions for added weight from APUs, etc. Green branding of fleets Idle Reduction Performance

32 Performance Summary Better fuel economy, an idling vehicle not in motion achieves 0 mpg Reduced emissions Similar performance to conventional vehicles May lead to extended engine life

33 1.True or False: There are idle reduction strategies available for fleet managers that require little to no cost to implement. 2. An average long-haul truck spends over______ hours idling per year. 3. There are two types of idling. They are: ______________ and ______________. 4.True or False: States and cities are not allowed to implement laws limiting the idling time or location of idling vehicles. Test Your Knowledge