Geostationary Sounders (~1600) Geostationary Sounders (# of channels) Advanced Baseline Sounder (operational) (~1600) GIFTS (experimental) (18) GOES Sounder (operational) The ABS is the next logical step from experimental low spectral resolution to finally operational high-spectral resolution sounders. (12) VAS (experimental) time

Jun Li ran simulations (not shown) of a 2-band ABS versus a 3-band ABS Jun Li ran simulations (not shown) of a 2-band ABS versus a 3-band ABS. Overall, they were very similar. ABS Prime (ABS’) -- consider using the shortwave side of the water vapor band.

ABS/CrIS vs GOES retrieval for low level temperature inversion

Moisture Weighting Functions 100 100 Advanced Sounder (3074) GOES (18) Pressure (hPa) Pressure (hPa) 1000 1000 Moisture Weighting Functions High spectral resolution advanced sounder will have more and sharper weighting functions compared to current GOES sounder. Retrievals will have better vertical resolution. UW/CIMSS

Moisture Weighting Functions These water vapor weighting functions reflect the radiance sensitivity of the specific channels to a water vapor % change at a specific level (equivalent to dR/dlnq scaled by dlnp). Moisture Weighting Functions Pressure Weighting Function Amplitude Wavenumber (cm-1) UW/CIMSS The advanced sounder has more and sharper weighting functions

Spatial Coverage Areas within 62 degrees local zenith angle from GOES-East and GOES-West sub-satellite points are indicated. Threshold coverage rate calls for the 62 arc region, excluding half of over-lap, to be scanned each hour. Current GOES -E and -W sounder hourly coverage is also shown. UW-Madison/CIMSS

Geo-Interferometer Nears Raob-like Depiction of Atmosphere while Providing an Order of Magnitude Increase in Temporal Resolution Information Content for Moist Atmospheres interferometer current Number of channels RAOB (USA) - over land - 1 hour ascent - 300 km separation - 12 Z and 00Z only Geo Interferometer (USA) - land and coastal waters - nearly instantaneous obs - 10-50 km separation - hourly repeat A doubling of the critical low-level moisture information (from the current sounder)

Cloud-Top Information Future GOES -- simulating the Advanced Baseline Sounder (ABS) performance For thin clouds, high spectral is very important for more accurate clouds. These simulations were done by Jun Li.

Detection of Temperature Inversions Possible with Interferometer Spikes down - Cooling with height Spikes up - Heating with height Texas Ontario Brightness Temperature (K) (low-level inversion) (No inversion) GOES GOES Wavenumber (cm-1) The detection of inversions is critical for severe weather forecasting. Combined with improved low-level moisture depiction, critical ingredients for night-time severe storm development over the Plains can be monitored. Knowing if there is an inversion can also help improve the profiles estimates.

Potential ABI Plus a 0.9 um band

Severe convection: IR windows 25 February 2001 MODIS (1 km) ABI (2 km) UW-Madison/CIMSS Severe convection: IR windows 25 February 2001 GOES-8 (4 km) The MODIS (real image) and the ABI (simulated) show the cold cloud-tops much better than the current GOES Imager. The ABI was simulated by degrading the MODIS image. This consists of blurring (via a Point Spread Function) the image and re-sampling at a 2 km spatial resolution. Caveats to these Simulations Noise: MODIS noise used for ABI Spectral response: no corrections were made Striping: not included View angles: non-isotropic atmosphere not accounted for. Orbital geometry: pixel size increase is approximately 1:10 for MODIS and 1:2 for GOES (going from 0 to 55 degrees zenith angle). The simulated ABI clearly captures the over-shooting (cold) cloud tops, while the current GOES Imager does not. Images shown in GOES projection.

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ABI spatial coverage rate versus the current GOES Imager This is just supposed to show that the ABI will scan approximately 5 times faster than the current imager. Scott Gudes, acting head of NOAA, used this slide at the Oct Sat conference. ABI coverage in 5 minutes GOES coverage in 5 minutes The ABI may take full disk images every 15 min. + CONUS images every 5 min.

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linden_haze_0.439_0.498 Smoke