Complex Patterns of Inheritance Beyond Mendel’s rules of simple dominant/recessive inheritance

Incomplete Dominance Neither allele is dominant; ______________ is a _________ of phenotypes of the two homozygotes. _______+_______ = _________

Genotype = ___; phenotype = ___________

Genotype = ______; phenotype = ________

Genotype = ______; phenotype = ________

__ __ __ ____ ____ __ ____ ____ P = RR x WW Practice incomplete dominance with Four O’Clocks (flowers) P = RR x WW Red parent plant __ __ __ ____ ____ White parent plant __ ____ ____ Genotype of F1 = 100% ______ Phenotype of F1 = All _________

___ ___ ___ _____ _____ ___ _____ _____ F1 = RW x RW Pink parent plant Genotype ratio of F2 = ________________________ Phenotype ratio of F2 = ________________________

Codominance _______ alleles are ___________; expressed separately __ Red + White = __________________________________ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __

Genotype = ____; phenotype = _____

Genotype = ____; phenotype = _______

Genotype = ____; phenotype = ______

Show the cross between two roan cows (use R and W). What is the probability that two roan cows will have at least one roan offspring? What is the probability that two roan cows will have a white offspring? __ ___ ____ ____ ___ ___ ___ ____

Multiple Alleles More than ___ ___________ possible for a trait Example: Blood type in humans Three alleles possible (___, ___, and ____), each person only has two of those alleles Four phenotypes (blood types) possible: ___, ___, ___, and ___ __ and __ are codominant; ____ is recessive Alleles notated as ___, ____, ___

Notice the new allele notation! Type AB: IAIB Type O: ii Type A: IAIA or IAi Type B: IBIB or IBi Notice the new allele notation!

Polygenic Traits Trait is controlled by interaction between ___________________ Examples: skin color, eye color, height, hair color Results in a continuum of expressed phenotypes