Coastal Flood Risk Aims: To know that many world populations live near or at the coast. To know which areas are most vulnerable to coastal flooding. Which islands are most at risk? To understand the impacts of storm surges. How do we prepare for the future? P.30

Specification

Starter: What would the earth look like if all the ice melted? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VbiRNT_gWUQ ( 2mins 45 secs)

Starter: Recap on Holderness Coast Look at other areas which are vulnerable to coastal erosion around the UK

Popular with tourists – near to the beach READ & HIGHLIGHT THIS PARAGRAPH Popular with tourists – near to the beach Deltas and estuaries are ideal for trade Deltas are fertile and ideal for farming

Mega Deltas and Mega cities of Asia: p.30

2. Why are Megacities vulnerable to coastal flooding? (p.30) They are on/near a low lying delta surface or more than 10,000km2 A major river forms the delta over time which can also flood. Millions of farmers live/farm on or near the delta Add information from the figure 10.12 too!

5 islands that are going to disappear 5 islands that are going to disappear! Can you name them before the video? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kyzJgaUX6cM ( 3 min 44)

Read and highlight this, P32 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SCs-_4c6Kd0

Coastal Protection! P32

Kiribati- more islands threatened by climate change… P32 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9P7jXveokDY ( Kiribati- the islands being destroyed by climate change in the South Pacific- 13 minsb 14secs)

Coral Atoll Islands and Coral Bleaching, p32 & 33 Read and Highlight

Great Barrier Reef, Australia- 2/3 damaged in ‘unprecedented bleaching’ April 2017 http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-australia-39524196 News Article KEEP UP WITH THE NEWS!

Storm Surges, p33 They can occur by: A depression Tropical cyclone The fall in air pressure causes, less weight on sea surface so sea level rises. Conditions made worse by: Strong winds High and spring tides Coastal topography can have an effect - funnelling https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vARjm3yHKzY

The Dec 2013 UK Storm Surge https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b9JBBCB4iZY https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b9JBBCB4iZY&t=3s

1.Rising sea levels: 2.Coastal flooding: Depends where coastlines are located, for example in low lying areas e.g Southern England, Cornwall or Kingsbridge Estuary, Devon. These are areas of submergence. 2.Coastal flooding: Low lying coasts just metres above sea level Estuaries River Deltas Islands such as Maldives where highest point is just 2.3m above sea level!

Storm surges cause coastal flooding Effects increased if locations are vulnerable to coastal erosion Effects increased if locations are low lying e,g Bangladesh and if major rivers meet incoming storm surges Areas like the Maldives are especially vulnerable as very small changes in sea level translate into major losses of land because of the country’s unusual topography. Intense rainfall can makes matters worse and contributes to the surges and flooding Coastal bay funnelling increasing the effects All above factors are especially threatening for poor countries and where huge populations live. The costs are social, economic and environmental

Human actions increase flood risk (p36 and 37 of your booklet) 6. Using the insert on Bangladesh in the booklet, p.36, explain why removing vegetation in coastal areas is detrimental? Subsidence Removing vegetation is detrimental:

Important Reading!!!! https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Bzsr3B393lw

Climate change and Coastal Risk: Adaptation and Mitigation

It’s difficult to make accurate future forecasts Sea level will rise with a medium degree of confidence between 28 and 98cm by 2100, most likely 55cm. Some evidence of increased winds and larger waves and erosion will generally increase. Weak evidence on more large storms and storm surges The impacts of climate change are difficult to pull apart from human drivers due to how land use is changed, changes to coastal development and levels of human induced pollution https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xE0KtLy5j8w

H/W on the problems with Rising Sea Levels Research on example areas such as the Nile Delta. Pictures download to see the problems. Other examples should include the Philippines, and the south-west coast of the UK. You must include to show the impacts and add the relative costs of these impacts in terms of level of development and strategies to modify the loss.

Plenary!