Chapter 25 Vibrations and Waves

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Ch. 25 Waves HW 1-16.
Advertisements

Chapter 25 Vibrations and Waves General definitions of vibrations and waves n Vibration: in a general sense, anything that switches back and forth, to.
Chapter 19 Vibrations and Waves.
WAVES. Simple Harmonic Motion (SHM) - sometimes called oscillatory motion - the back and forth vibratory motion of a swinging pendulum - sine curve -
Waves and Sound.
Vibrations and Waves Chapter 25. Vibration of a Pendulum  Vibration – a wiggle in time  A vibration cannot exist in one instant, but needs time to move.
Vibrations and Waves. Oar in Water Wings of a Bee Electrons in an Light Bulb Water Waves Sound Waves Light Waves “Wiggles in Time”“Wiggles in Space”
Chapter 25 Vibrations and Waves.
Chapter 25 Vibrations and Waves
© 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Conceptual Physics 11 th Edition Chapter 19: VIBRATIONS AND WAVES Vibrations of a Pendulum Wave Description Wave Speed Transverse.
25 Vibrations and Waves Test. 25 Vibrations and Waves Waves transmit energy through space and time.
Waves & Sound.
Vibrations, Waves, & Sound
Chapter 25 Vibrations and Waves n Waves transmit energy and information. n Sound and Light are both waves.
Vibrations & Waves Unit 9.
Simple Harmonic Motion
Waves Chapter 14 Notes. What is a Wave? / A wave is a periodic disturbance of matter (solid, liquid, or gas) / Examples include: / Sound / Light / Ocean.
Conceptual Physics Chapter 251 Chapter 25 Waves. Conceptual Physics Chapter 252 Vibration of a Pendulum ¤The back-and-forth motion of a pendulum demonstrates.
Vibrations and Waves Chapter 11.
State Standards Addressed Waves: Waves have characteristic properties that do not depend on the type of wave. As a basis for understanding this concept:
WAVES AS 2.3: Demonstrate an understanding of wave phenomenon.
Waves transmit energy through space and time.
Chapter 19 Vibrations and Waves Vibration: A disturbance “wiggle” in time.
Notes on Chapter 25 Vibrations & Waves
WAVE Basics Chapters 15.
Chapter 11:Vibrartions and Waves
Vibration and Waves.
Vibrations and Waves. Periodic Motion u Motion that follows the same path over equal time intervals u Include orbiting planets, moons, vibrating objects,
Chapter 19 Vibrations and Waves There are two ways to transmit information and/energy in our universe: Particle Motion and Wave Motion.
Waves Rhythmic disturbance that carries energy through matter or space.
Chapter 19 Vibrations and Waves There are two ways to transmit information/energy in our universe: Particle Motion and Wave Motion.
Waves Chapter 14.
Chapter 25 Vibration and Waves. Simple Harmonic Motion  When a vibration or an oscillation repeats itself back and forth over the same path, the motion.
Wave Phenomena Characteristics of Waves What is a wave? G A wave is a vibratory disturbance through a material (medium) or space G Waves transfer ENERGY.
Chapter 25 Vibrations and Waves. Vibration – a wiggle in time For example: moving back and forth in the same space, ie., pendulum. **A vibration exists.
Chapter 19 Vibration and Waves Herriman High Physics.
Vibrations and Waves. Vibration: a wiggle in time Wave: a wiggle in space and time. Cannot exist in one place, must extend from one place to another.
Part 1 – Wave Characteristics. What is a Wave? A disturbance that carries energy through matter or space.
Vibrations & Waves Chapter 25 - This will be phun!
Waves & Wave Properties Introduction to Wave Properties
Conceptual Physics 1999 Hewitt Bloom High School.
Simple Harmonic Motion The oscillatory- or back and forth- motion of a pendulum. Can be represented by a sin curve Waves follow the same pattern.
Chapter 10. Nature of Waves Wave Repeating disturbance or movement Carries energy through matter and space.
Chapters Vibrations and Waves; Sound Simple Harmonic Motion Vibrate/Oscillate = goes back and forth Periodic = same amount of time Equilibrium.
Waves Chapter 25. Vibrations and Waves A wiggle in time is a vibration –A vibration cannot exist in one instant but needs time to move back and forth.
Wenny Maulina DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS JEMBER UNIVERSITY Vibrations and Waves.
Chapter 19 Vibrations and Waves There are two ways to transmit information and energy in our universe: Particle Motion and Wave Motion.
Waves What are they? Where are they? Stone/Ebener.
1. What is a wave? It is a disturbance that is transmitted progressively from one place to the next with no actual transport of matter.
Waves and Vibrations Vibration: The repeated back and forth motion about an equilibrium position.
WAVES Physics.
Chapter 15 – Characteristic of Waves Learn the language of waves Learn the language of waves Wave – a disturbance that transfers energy from place to place.
Waves transmit energy through space and time.
Wave BAsics.
Chapter 25: Vibrations and Waves
Vibrations and Waves.
Vibrations and Waves.
Vibration and Waves.
CHAPTER 25 Vibration & Waves.
Making Waves.
Unit 10: Part 1 Waves.
WAVES.
UNIT IV Chapter 25 Vibrations and Waves.
Vibrations and Waves Vibration—“a wiggle in time”
11-3: PROPERTIES OF WAVES.
11-3: PROPERTIES OF WAVES.
Harmonic motion and Waves
Waves & Wave Properties Introduction to Wave Properties
Chapter 19 Vibrations & Waves.
The Big Idea Waves transmit energy through space and time.
Presentation transcript:

Chapter 25 Vibrations and Waves Unit IV Sound and Light Chapter 25 Vibrations and Waves

25.1 Vibration of a Pendulum A playground swing is a pendulum. Pendulums swing back and forth. Galileo discovered that the time of a pendulum swing does not depend on the mass of the pendulum or the angle of the swing! T = time of swing T = Period

Equation for a pendulum: T = 2  (L/g) T = Period L = Length of Pendulum g = acceleration due to gravity

Simple Harmonic Motion: back-and forth vibratory motion 25.2 Wave Description Simple Harmonic Motion: back-and forth vibratory motion

SIMPLE HARMONIC MOTION Sine Curve The pattern traced out if a conveyor belt were pulled beneath a swinging pendulum. A sine wave represents transverse waves. In transverse waves the wave travels perpendicular to the medium. SIMPLE HARMONIC MOTION

A wave is defined as: A disturbance in a medium. 25.3 Wave Motion A wave is defined as: A disturbance in a medium. When energy is transferred by a wave from a vibrating source to a distant receiver, there is no transfer of matter between the two points. ( The medium does not move!) Only the energy moves!

Motions of the wave is at right angles to the direction of the medium. 25.5 transverse waves Motions of the wave is at right angles to the direction of the medium. Waves on the stretched strings of musical instruments, electromagnetic waves, and “amber waves of grain” are examples.

Terms: Crest, Trough, Wavelength, Amplitude, frequency, node, antinode Transverse Wave Terms: Crest, Trough, Wavelength, Amplitude, frequency, node, antinode

Hertz-(kilohertz, megahertz, gigahertz) Terms: Crest Trough Amplitude Wavelength Frequency Hertz-(kilohertz, megahertz, gigahertz) Period On the wave above to see the relationship between wavelength and frequency. http://id.mind.net/~zona/mstm/physics/waves/introduction/introductionWaves.html

25.6 Longitudinal Waves Motion of the wave is parallel to the direction of the medium. Sound Waves, is an example of a longitudinal wave.

Longitudinal Wave made from a guitar string. http://www.physicsclassroom.com/mmedia/waves/gsl.html http://www.physicsclassroom.com/mmedia/waves/gsl.html Longitudinal Wave made from a guitar string.

25.4 Wave Speed The speed of a wave depends on the medium through which the wave moves. Sound air: 330 m/s Sound water: 1320 m/s Sound travels faster in warm air and in more dense substances.

Calculating Wave Speed V = velocity (m/s) ƒ = frequency (hz)  = wavelength (m)

Practice: A wave vibrates 8 times each second and the length of the wave is 4 m. What is the frequency of the wave? What is the speed? Answer: 8 hz 32 m/s

25.7 Interference Interference occurs when two waves share the same space at the same time. Interference may be constructive or destructive. Constructive: Reinforcement—Waves “In Phase” Destructive: Cancellation—Waves “ Out of Phase”

http://www.physicsclassroom.com/mmedia/waves/swf.html

25.8 Standing Waves A standing wave occurs when the incident and reflected waves interfere. Points out of phase are stationary and called nodes. Points in phase and producing high crests or troughs are called antinodes.

25.9 The Doppler Effect The apparent shift in frequency of a wave due to movement of either the observer or the source of the wave. Examples: Police sirens, blue/red shifts in stars http://home.a-city.de/walter.fendt/physengl/dopplerengl.htm http://www.walter-fendt.de/ph14e/dopplereff.htm

Doppler Effect Demonstrations http://www.astro.ubc.ca/~scharein/a311/Sim.html#Doppler http://www.explorescience.com/activities/Activity_page.cfm?ActivityID=46

25.10 Bow Waves When the speed of the source in a medium is as great as the speed of the waves it produces, something interesting happens. The waves pile up. The crests pile up in a v shape, called a bow wave. This is an example of constructive interference. http://www.lerc.nasa.gov/Other_Groups/K-12/airplane/sndwave.html

25.11 Shock Waves A shock wave is a three dimensional wave produced when a supersonic craft passes through the air. A sonic boom is heard when http://www.lerc.nasa.gov/Other_Groups/K-12/airplane/sndwave.html