Chemsheets AS006 (Electron arrangement)

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Presentation transcript:

Chemsheets AS006 (Electron arrangement) 20/09/2018 www.CHEMSHEETS.co.uk CELLS & BATTERIES © www.chemsheets.co.uk GCSE 1161 20-Feb-17

SIMPLE CELL Two electrodes (two different metals) e.g. Cu + Zn Electrolyte (liquid that allows electricity to flow e.g. juice in lemon, salt solution

Factors affecting the voltage: Identity of metals (bigger the difference in reactivity → bigger voltage) Electrolyte (identity and/or concentration) © www.chemsheets.co.uk GCSE 1161 20-Feb-17

BATTERIES one cell battery = 2 or more cells connected

6V battery contains four 1.5V cells

FUEL CELLS

FUEL CELLS Toyota Mirai

FUEL CELLS

FUEL CELLS Simple hydrogen fuel cell

Hydrogen fuel cell stack

FUEL CELLS

type of cell non-rechargeable rechargeable fuel cells note goes flat (the voltage drops to zero) when the reactions inside stop (because one of the reactants has been used up) can be recharged (because the chemical reactions can be reversed when connected to an external electric current) have a continuous fuel supply so do not go flat or need recharging examples alkaline cells lithium-ion cells (in mobile phones) hydrogen fuel cell pros cheap can be used many times cheaper than fuel cells only waste product is water continuous supply of electricity (as long as there is a continuous supply of fuel) cons lots of used cells to dispose of (which contain toxic chemicals) takes time to recharge more expensive than non-rechargeable cells very expensive often use hydrogen which is flammable fossil fuels may be used to make hydrogen