Geog 192 – Urban GIS Applications Lecturer - Jun Liang Department of Geography, UNC @ Chapel Hill January 12th, 2005 Email: liangj@email.unc.edu 2018/9/17 Jun Liang, Geography @ UNC

Jun Liang, Geography @ UNC UNC GIS Resources Check http://gis.unc.edu/ Data Software Hardware People UNC Computing Environment ONYEN, AFS, Web Space, FTP, Mass Storage Space. 2018/9/17 Jun Liang, Geography @ UNC

Lecture 1 - Introduction 1-1 The architecture of a GIS Data Collection, input and correction Storage and retrieval Manipulation and analysis Output and reporting Example – allocation, new hospital site selection; crime pattern simulation; power shortage diagnosis. 2018/9/17 Jun Liang, Geography @ UNC

Jun Liang, Geography @ UNC 1-2 Intelligent GIS Backbone of GIS – The third component in GIS’s architecture (Data manipulation and analysis.) Objective of applying GIS to research /business /government management: better understanding, better planning (spatial decision support system). How? Need to integrate geographical information systems technology with geographical modelling techniques. 2018/9/17 Jun Liang, Geography @ UNC

Jun Liang, Geography @ UNC 1-3 Spatial Analysis Various application fields VS. various spatial analysis techniques Urban application fields: Transportation Crime Market analysis Health-care Migration, etc. 2018/9/17 Jun Liang, Geography @ UNC

1-3 Spatial Analysis (Cont.) Spatial analysis techniques: Basic operations (overlay, buffer, neighborhood functions, etc.) Spatial interaction modelling (Gravity model, diffusion model, etc.) Network models. Spatial statistics. Simulation models (Cellular Automata.) 2018/9/17 Jun Liang, Geography @ UNC

1-3 Spatial Analysis (Cont.) Make decisions – which spatial technique /techniques should I choose for my project? Problem A (transportation) Spatial Interaction Models Problem B (health-care) Network models Problem c (market research) Basic Spatial Operations 2018/9/17 Jun Liang, Geography @ UNC

1-3 Spatial Analysis (Cont.) Integration of spatial models and GIS Loose-couple Tight-couple Question: Software Limitation. Abilities of coding. 2018/9/17 Jun Liang, Geography @ UNC

Jun Liang, Geography @ UNC 1-4 Spatial Data Spatial objects: point, line, area and surface. Digital formats (data structures) for managing spatial objects (captured, stored, retrieved and analyzed): - vector, raster and TIN (triangulated irregular network.) 2018/9/17 Jun Liang, Geography @ UNC

Jun Liang, Geography @ UNC 1-4 Spatial Data (Cont.) How do spatial objects link to their attributes (for vector data)? (ID) They usually are not stored together, and linked through common identification number. Example: Land-use map. And, how you link your attribute data to a base map? 2018/9/17 Jun Liang, Geography @ UNC

Jun Liang, Geography @ UNC 1-5 New Technologies New techs impact GIS: Wireless GPS High speed Internet Database Example: Transportation with the aids of GIS and GPS Potential product – Bus Stop Information Board 2018/9/17 Jun Liang, Geography @ UNC