Bell Ringer “No one pretends that democracy is perfect or all- wise. Indeed, it has been said that democracy is the worst form of government except all those other forms that have been tried from time to time.” Winston Churchill Explain, in your own words, what you think Churchill meant by this statement. Do you agree, or disagree? WHY?

Bell Ringer Find your “Create your own government” group! Have person grab enough presentation guides for the ENTIRE group You have 10 minutes for finishing touches on your poster and deciding who is sharing what about your government Remember, EVERYONE needs to participate in the presentation!

Historical Documents Thanks, Hammurabi!

Code of Hammurabi Significance Date 1780 BCE Origin City of Babylon in Mesopotamia Significance As Hams’ empire grew, a uniform legal code was needed One of the oldest examples of established written laws 282 laws inscribed on stone pillar Model for “rule of law”—the idea that no one is above the law The refers to a set of rules or laws enacted by the Babylonian King Hammurabi (reign 1792-1750 B.C.). The code governed the people living in his fast-growing empire. By the time of Hammurabi's death, his empire included much of modern-day Iraq, extending up from the Persian Gulf along the Tigris and Euphrates rivers

Magna Carta Significance Date 1215 Origin England First attempt to limit the king’s power Key Ideas: due process, freedom of movement, taxation only with legislative consent King John agreed to limits on power Document did NOT protect the common people

English Bill of Rights Significance Date 1689 Origin England (Glorious Revolution!) Significance Product of the Glorious Revolution that brought William and Mary to the throne Established a true limited government Increased protection from the king

Mayflower Compact Significance Date 1620 Origin Mayflower Needed a temporary government between the passengers on board the Mayflower Written agreement Established self-government to serve their interests

Virginia Declaration of Rights Date June 1776 Origin Virginia Significance Opening paragraphs of the Declaration of Independence! Key Ideas Men are “free and equal” Natural rights Right to abolish “inadequate” government

Declaration of Independence Date July 4, 1776 Origin 13 Colonies – Continental Congress Significance Established Popular Sovereignty Government rule by the people Right to revolt against a government that no longer guaranteed natural rights Ideals of life, liberty and equality

Articles of Confederation Date November 15, 1777 Origin 13 Colonies…soon to change Significance Each state held sovereignty, freedom and independence “Firm league of friendship" Creates need for stronger central government

Bell Ringer: WWHD? (What Would Hammurabi Do?) For each of the following scenarios, write down the most just punishment for the crime

Code 2: If a builder builds a house for a man and does not make its construction sound, and the house which he has built collapses and causes the death of the owner of the house, the builder shall be put to death. 1. What should be done to the carpenter who builds a house that falls and kills the owner?

Code 143: If the woman has not been careful but has gadded about, neglecting her house and belittling her husband, they shall throw that woman into the water. 2. What should be done about a wife who ignores her duties and belittles her husband?

He will pay his neighbor the amount of corn that was lost. Code 47: He will pay his neighbor the amount of corn that was lost. 3. What happens if a farmer's irrigations system causes his neighbor to lose his crop?

Code 185: If a man takes in his own home a young boy as a son and rears him, one may not bring claim for that adopted son. 4. What should be done if a son is adopted and then the birth-parents want him back?

Code 117: If a man be in debt and is unable to pay his creditors, he shall sell his wife, son, or daughter, or bind them over to service. For three years they shall work in the houses of their purchaser or master; in the fourth year they shall be given their freedom. 5. What happens if a man is unable to pay his debts?

If a son strikes his father, they shall cut off his hand. Code 195: If a son strikes his father, they shall cut off his hand. The refers to a set of rules or laws enacted by the Babylonian King Hammurabi (reign 1792-1750 B.C.). The code governed the people living in his fast-growing empire. By the time of Hammurabi's death, his empire included much of modern-day Iraq, extending up from the Persian Gulf along the Tigris and Euphrates rivers 6. What should happen to a boy who slaps his father?

The accuser will be put to death. Code 118: The accuser will be put to death. 7. What happens if a man accuses someone of murder and it is not proved?

Code 3: If any one bring an accusation against a man, and the accused go to the river and leap into the river, if he sink in the river his accuser shall take possession of his house. But if the river prove that the accused is not guilty, and he escape unhurt, then he who had brought the accusation shall be put to death, while he who leaped into the river shall take possession of the house that had belonged to his accuser. 8. How is the truth determined when one man brings an accusation against another?