Exploring the Religions of Our World Chapter 2 Judaism
Chapter 2 Judaism A Living Religion 1. Judaism is the religion practiced by Jesus when he was living on earth. 2. Judaism is the religion of the Hebrew Bible and a religion still longing for God’s chosen one. 3. Being a Jew has both an ethnic and a religious connotation. 4. A religious Jew practices Judaism. An ethnic Jew may or may not practice Judaism.
Modern Period 1783 - present Chapter 2 Judaism Periods of Jewish History 1800 BCE – 323 CE Biblical Period Medieval Period 639 - 1783 CE 323 BCE – 637 CE Rabbinic Period Modern Period 1783 - present
Chapter 2 Judaism Periods of Jewish History Page 29
Chapter 2 Judaism Modern Judaism Reform Judaism – advocates full integration into the culture where one lives Conservative Judaism – counteracts reformed Judaism, modifying Jewish traditions in a limited manner Orthodox Judaism – the most traditional wing, insists its members strictly follow the Torah Reconstructionist Judaism – advocates Judaism as a culture, not only a religion
Chapter 2 Judaism Sacred writings Torah first five books Tanakh The Hebrew Bible Nevi’im prophets Ketuvim writings
Chapter 2 Judaism Other sacred writings Jerusalem Talmud commentary Midrash Biblical interpretation Babylonian Talmud commentary
“Hear, O Israel, the Lord our God, Chapter 2 Judaism Beliefs and Practices Sh’ma “Hear, O Israel, the Lord our God, the Lord is One” (Deuteronomy 6:4)
Torah Chapter 2 Judaism 613 commandments Beliefs and Practices (continued) Torah 613 commandments
“I have given you as a covenant to the people, Chapter 2 Judaism Beliefs and Practices (continued) God’s covenant with Israel: “The Chosen People” “I have given you as a covenant to the people, a light to the nations” (Isaiah 42:6)
Chapter 2 Judaism Sacred Times Annual Feasts: Rosh Hashanah – Jewish New Year Yom Kippur – Day of Atonement Sukkot –Feast of Tabernacles/Booths Pesach – Passover Shavuot – Harvest festival / reception of Torah Hanukkah – Festival of Lights Purim – Feast of Lots
Chapter 2 Judaism Sacred Times (continued) Shabbat – the Jewish Sabbath weekly event sunset Friday through sunset Saturday obedience to fourth commandment Jews rest on the seventh day, as God did Shabbat dinner – Friday evening
Chapter 2 Judaism Sacred Places and Sacred Spaces Synagogue house of prayer house of study house of assembly Home
Chapter 2 Judaism Sacred Places and Sacred Spaces (continued) Land of Israel = Israel = Canaan = Promised Land = Judea = Palestine = State of Israel Jerusalem holiest city City of David Temple holy city for: Judaism, Christianity, Islam
Chapter 2 Judaism Judaism Christianity Judaism through a Catholic Lens Commonalities History Scripture Liturgy Theology
Chapter 2 Judaism Judaism Christianity Judaism through a Catholic Lens (continued) Differences Judaism Christianity Still expects a Messiah or messianic age to come Jesus was the Messiah Jesus is God
Jewish influences in Catholicism Chapter 2 Judaism Judaism through a Catholic Lens (continued) Jewish influences in Catholicism The Hebrew Bible – Old Testament Passover meal – the Lord’s Supper Passover – Holy Thursday Shavuot – Pentecost
Chapter 2 Judaism Vocabulary Torah Idolatry Diaspora Hellenization Septuagint Sadducees Pharisees Essenes Rabbi Talmud Monotheistic Sephardim Pogroms Ashkenazim Yiddish Hasidism Zionism Tanak Nevi’im Ketuvim Mishnah Midrash Sh’ma Mitzvoth Covenant Halakhic Shabbat Pesach Yom Kippur Havdalah Bimah Mezuzah Kosher Testament