The First English Settlements Unit 1 Why is location important for new settlements? The First English Settlements

RECAP of New World Settlements The Spanish had established settlements in the West Indies and in Mexico Spain was considered by many to be the best Navy at sea (Spanish Armada) The French had established a settlement in Canada (Quebec)

The Spanish Armada England and Spain had become rivals King Philip II of Spain wanted a Catholic ruler in England, not Queen Elizabeth who was a Protestant Sir Francis Drake an English explorer attacked Spanish ships

The Spanish Armada continued… King Phillip sent his Armada to conquer England Instead, England defeats the Armada; this marked the end of Spanish control of the seas and cleared the way for English colonization

Colony- A group of people in a far off place ruled by a parent country

The Roanoke Colony Queen Elizabeth gives a charter to Sir Walter Raleigh to establish a colony in the New World Raleigh chooses John White to lead a group of 100 men, women and children (1587) The plan was to establish a colony on Roanoke Island (present day NC) Virginia Dare, the first English child born in the New World, was born days after arrival (also John White’s granddaughter)

The Roanoke Colony

The Roanoke Colony continued… Just a few days after Virginia Dare’s birth, John White returns to England to get supplies and leaves his family on Roanoke Island He was planning to return quickly but because England and Spain were at war, he did not return for 3 years Upon return, his family has vanished only leaving the word CROATOAN carved into a tree This became known as “the Lost Colony”

Video Clip http://www.travelchannel.com/shows/mysterie s-at-the-museum/video/what-happened-to- roanoke

Jamestown Colony King James issues a charter to Virginia Company, a joint-stock company, that was in search of gold 144 men establish Jamestown in 1607 in present day Virginia Jamestown settlers faced hardships, disease, hunger and conflict with Native Americans Led by John Smith, the colonist were forced to work and Jamestown survives

Jamestown

Jamestown

Jamestown Expands In 1612, John Rolfe plants tobacco in Jamestown Relations with the natives also improve when John Rolfe marries Pocahontas, daughter of the Powhatan chief Pocahontas helps with tobacco Slaves arrive in Jamestown; slaves are needed for tobacco

Jamestown Expands continued… Land ownership expanded with the headright system Headright System- a land grant; 50 acres was given to settlers who paid their own way to the colony Colonists participated in government The House of Burgesses became the first legislative government in the American Colonies

Jamestown Tobacco