Abdominal wall Abdominal muscles

Rectus sheath

Inguinal canal Anterior wall: external oblique abdominis muscle (aponeurosis) Posterior wall: transversal fascia Roof: internal oblique abdominis muscle Floor: inquinal ligament Entrance: deep inguinal ring (laterally) Exit: superficial inguinal ring (medially)

Walls of the inguinal canal

Inguinal canal

Inguinal hernias Inderect hernia Direct hernia

Female inguinal canal

Subinguinal hiatus

Subinguinal hiatus 1.) lacuna musculonervosa: pectineus iliopsoas + femoral nerve 2.) lacuna vasorum: femoral artery femoral vein 3.) lacuna lymphatica

Femoral canal

Femoral canal

Femoral and inguinal canal Femoral canal

Muscles of the tight Extensors: anteriorly quadriceps femoris: rectus femoris medial vastus lateral vastus intermediate vastus Adductors: medially pectineus muscle adductor longus adductor brevis adductor magnus gracilis Flexors: dorsally (posteriorly) semitendinosus muscle semimembranosus muscle biceps femoris muscle Sartorius muscle

Femoral trigone lateral medial

Femoral trigone Triangular shaped area on the upper part of the tight Borders: roof: inguinal ligament lateral border: sartorius m. medial border: pectineus m., adductor longus m. Structures: femoral a. v. n.

Femoral trigone

Adductor canal

Blood supply of the lower limb abdominal aorta common iliac art. exteranal iliac art. femoral artery deep femoral artery Femoral artery deep femoral artery perforans lat. circumflex med. circumflex extensor m. flexor m. adductor m.

Blood supply of the lower limb

Blood supply of the lower limb popliteal art. peroneal art. post. tibial art. ant. tibial art.

Blood supply of the lower limb lateral plantar art. medial plantar art.

Innervation of the lower limb Lumbar plexus: Femoral n.: extensor muscles of the tigh Obturator n.: adductor muscles of the tigh

Innervation of the lower limb sciatic nerve

Innervation of the lower limb tibial nerve: flexor m. common peroneal nerve superficial . deep peroneal muscles extensor muscles

Innervation of the lower limb

Skin innervation of the foot