Warm Up Question – 11/30 or 12/1 Describe the image. What does the photograph suggest about class system in India? PLEASE WRITE THE QUESTION!

British Imperialism in India Chapter 6 Section 3

British Expand Control over India Brit. econ. interest started in the 1600s when the Brit. East India Co. (BEICo.) set up trading posts in India Area controlled by the BEICo. grew over time Until the 19th C., the BEICo. ruled India w/ little interference from the Brit. gov’t The BEICo. had its own army w/ sepoys – Indian soldiers

Sepoys – Indian Soldiers Indian troops in service to the BEICo. outnumbered British troops five to one

British Sepoy Army The sepoy army was “a delicate and dangerous machine, with little a mismanagement may easily turn against us” – Mountstuart Elphinstone, governor of Bombay TPS: Why did the governor of Bombay think the sepoys might turn against the British? TPS Answer: The sepoys’ primary allegiance was to their own country, not to Britain.

Britain’s “Jewel in the Crown” The Brit. considered India the brightest “jewel in the crown” – the most valuable of all Brit. colonies Why? 3 main reasons: The IR made Eng. a major power in the world India was a major supplier of raw materials for the factories in Eng. Indian ppl were also a large potential market for Brit. goods

Impact of Colonialism Positive Effects Negative Effects Brit. laid the third largest RR network in India Allowed India to develop a modern econ. Unified & connected regions Sanitation and public health improved Schools and colleges were founded, increasing literacy Brit. held much of the pol. and econ. power Cash crops reduced food productions, causing famine Increased presence of missionaries and racist attitude by Brit. threatened traditional Indian life

British vs. Indian Relations

Sepoy Mutiny by 1850, Brit. controlled much of India, but the Indian ppl resented their treatment under Brit. rule believed the Brit. were trying to convert them to Christianity resented the constant racism from the Brit.

Sepoy Mutiny Sepoys heard a rumor that the cartridges of their new rifles were greased with beef & pork fat both Hindus and Muslims were outraged by the news – sacred animals

Sepoy Mutiny TPS: What might the decision to grease the sepoys’ cartridges with beef and pork fat reveal about the Brit. attitude toward Indians? TPS Answer: It revealed their insensitivity and indifference to Indians’ religious customs.

Sepoy Mutiny The sepoys refused to accept the cartridges, and the Brit. jailed the sepoys May 10, 1857: the sepoys rebelled against the Brit. - took control of Delhi the uprising spread across all of India Took more than a year to regain control of the country TPS Answer: It built British resentment of Indians’ resistance and rebellion.

Sepoy Mutiny TPS: How did the Sepoy Mutiny lead to increased Brit. racism?

Sepoy Mutiny Indians could not unite during the mutiny Why? weak leadership and serious splits btwn Hindus & Muslims the mutiny was a turning point in Indian history in 1858, Brit. gov’t took direct command of India

The Raj the Raj – Brit. rule after India was taken over by the Brit. crown under Queen Victoria a Brit. governor-general in India took control – official title was viceroy the mutiny increase distrust btwn Brit. and Indians

The Raj TPS: In what ways did the Sepoy Mutiny change the political climate of India? TPS Answer: More of India was under British control; greater distrust between Indians and the British.

Nationalism in India in the early 1800s some Indians demanded more modernization and a greater role in governing themselves Ram Mohun Roy: educated Indian man who began a campaign to move India away from traditional practices and ideas TPS: In what way were Indian nationalism and westernization compatible goals? TPS Answer: Westernization provided Indians the ideas and technology to use in service of their own country

Nationalism in India Two nationalist groups were founded at the end of the 19th C. Indian National Congress (1885) Muslim League (1906) Goals: started first with specific concerns for Indians, grew to a call for self-gov’t

British vs. Indian Relations

Nationalism in India 1905 – Brit. divide the province of Bengal into a Hindu section and Muslim section the groups were outraged b/c it made it difficult to unite to call for independence in 1911, the Brit. took back the order and divided the province in a different way TPS: Why would the Brit. think that dividing the Hindus & Muslims would be good? TPS Answer: Because these groups often were hostile to one another, it would make control of the areas easier.