Los Artículos(Articles) In English, “the” is the only definite article (el artículo definido). In Spanish, there are four: “el, la, los, and las”

“el” is for masculine singular nouns. “los” is for masculine plural nouns

“la” is for feminine singular nouns. “las” is for feminine plural nouns

2)In English, “a” or “an” can be an indefinite article (el artículo indefinido) In Spanish, there are four as well: “un, una, unos, and unas”

“un” is for masculine singular nouns “unos” is for masculine plural nouns

“una” is for feminine singular nouns “unas” is for feminine plural nouns

Los Sustantivos (Nouns) In Spanish, all nouns (sustantivos) have either masculine or feminine gender (el genero).

Masculino 3)Nouns that refer to male beings and most nouns that end in “o” or “e” are generally masculine (masculino). (L-O-N-E-R-S) Ex: hombre, libro

Femenina 4)Nouns that refer to female beings and most nouns that end in “a”, “ión”, “tad”, or “dad” are generally feminine (femenina). (D-IÓN-Z-A) Ex: mujer, mesa, nación, libertad, and universidad

Excepciones (Exceptions) 5)There are exceptions to these rules; Some nouns appear to be masculine or feminine; however, they are not and must be memorized.

Ejemplos de Excepciones The words “el día” and “el agua” are masculine eventhough they end in “a” The word “la foto” is feminine eventhough it ends in “o”

The words ending in “ma” or “pa” are masculine. Otras Excepciones The words ending in “ma” or “pa” are masculine. A good way to remember this is to say: -Ma’s and Pa’s get no La’s 

drama, problema, programa, mapa Ma’s and Pa’s Ejemplos: drama, problema, programa, mapa

Making nouns plural add “s” to words that end in vowels Ex: estudiante estudiantes

Making nouns plural add “es” to words that end in consonants Ex: televisor televisores

Making nouns plural change the z to a “c” to words that end in “z” Ex: luz luces

El Fin