Inductive and Deductive Reasoning

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Presentation transcript:

Inductive and Deductive Reasoning

Bell Work: (1) What is reasoning? (2) What is one thing you struggle with in math? (No, you can't say "everything") (3) What is one thing you feel comfortable with in math? (No...you can't say "nothing.")

Inductive Reasoning Inductive Reasoning is the process of arriving at a general conclusion based  on observations of specific examples What are some patterns you can think of? Think of a bad horror movie.... So, you see someone eating the triple baconnator with fries and a chocolate  frosty every day.... 

Inductive Reasoning Well, this same strategy (which is already in your brain) you use  DAILY in math.... (1) 3, 12, 21, 30, 39, ___ (2) 3, 4, 6, 9, 13, 18, ___ (3) 3, 12, 48, 192, 768, ___ (4) 3, 6, 12, 24, 48, 96, ___ Let's: (1) Find the pattern (2) Describe the pattern (3) Solve the for the next piece

Inductive Reasoning Inductive reasoning is powerful, but we can never be 100% certain of our answers... so te chnically,  our conclusions are called conjectures or hypotheses. We can disprove inductive reasoning by using a counterexample.  "Mrs. Davis is the smartest woman that ever lived." Counterexample: "My husband loves football, so all men love football." "When I multiply by a negative number, the answer is always negative.“

Deductive Reasoning Deductive Reasoning is the process of proving a specific conclusion from one or more  general statements.   A conclusion is that is proved true by deductive reasoning is called a theorem. Everyday Situation Deductive Reasoning In chemistry, hydrogen atoms outnumberoxygen atoms 2:1 in water.  Big Time Timmy­Jim has earned an 85,  a 95, and a 25 on his three tests in Mrs.  Davis' class.  He says he can still get  an A.

Deductive Reasoning I hear this all of the time: "Math would be great if there weren't letters in it...." What are the letters called? What are they used for? How do you think we could use them while problem something?

Deductive Reasoning Just like inductive reasoning, we can use the SAME SKILL we already know, but  we just apply it to math. Problem: Select a number and multiply the number by 6. Add 8 to the product. Divide the sum by 2. Subtract 4 from the quotient.   Is there an easier way to say this?

Deductive REasoning The easier way to say this is:

Practice: