Ancient Egypt Chapter 5

Ancient Egypt Introduction Objective Objective: I can identify how the geography of Egypt help develop the culture and people of Egypt. Question to Answer by the End of Class: How did the geography of Egypt influence the culture?

The Nile River Valley The valley ideal for human development because of the endless fertile soil! 2 Civilizations developed Egypt (Northern) Kush (Southern) The River Supplied EVERYTHING!!!! Bathing, Drinking Water, Irrigation , anything people needed water for!

The Nile River Longest river in the world Lifeblood of all of Egypt Sources- Blue Nile- Begins in the snowy mountains White Nile- Begins in the tropics of Central Africa RIVERS join just south of EGYPT

A Protected Land At the top of the river is a DELTA that drains into the MEDITERRANEAN SEA Egypt is protected by physical features on all 4 sides Northern: Delta Southern: Cataracts (rough rocks that make the area unnavigable) Eastern: Eastern Desert Western: Libyan Desert

Trade in Egypt Trade routes traveled through the Red Sea and the Mediterranean Sea Trade winds made trading possible. Current runs North Trade winds push boats south

The Nile and Farming Flooding was seasonal and predictable The Nile flooded every mid-summer Crops grown Barley, Wheat, flax seeds Dry Season Canals were built along with SHADOOF- 2 buckets on each end of a pole to carry water. Papyrus- A reed plant that was used to make rope, baskets, sandals, and river rafts

Writing in Egypt Hieroglyphics – a grouping of picture symbols and sounds symbols to write down the history of the Egyptians. Scribes would go to school to learn to copy and write in Hieroglyphics Written on Papyrus Paper

Uniting Egypt EXTRA FOOD MEANT TIME FOR NEW JOBS which leads to increase in trade. Trade with Nubia and Mesopotamia lead for the want of a Government.

Forming Kingdoms As trade grew and farms increased organized government was needed Land Conflicts called for government. Over time groups of villages gained more and more land. By 4,000 B.C. Egypt had 2 kingdoms Upper Egypt (South central area) Lower Egypt (Northern Delta)

Narmer (Menes) 3100 B.C. Led armies from village to village heading north until he united both Kingdoms. Established a new capital in MEMPHIS that bordered the Upper and the lower portions of the old kingdoms. Established the right to rule from father to son to grandson. Called a Dynasty

The Kingdoms of Egypt 30 Dynasties form 3100 B.C. to 332B.C. Divided into 3 parts Old Middle New