Cell Processes Chapter 9 Pages 244-268

Chemistry of Life All living things are made up two things: __________-is anything that has _______ and takes up space You’re _________, you occupy _________, and you have _______. That means you __________ __________- anything that brings about _________ Energy can _______ matter together or ________ it apart Example: Food is held together by __________ ___________. When food is cooked _________ _________ breaks some of these bonds. mass Matter living space mass matter Energy Change break hold Chemical energy Heat energy

Chemistry of Life All matter is made of ________ atoms All matter is made of ________ _________- center of an atom that contains _________ and _________ _________ have a _________ charge __________ have ____ charge __________ are located __________ the nucleus and have a _________ charge It takes about _______ electrons to equal the mass of one proton protons Nucleus neutrons positive Protons Neutrons no Electrons Outside negative 1,837

Wildcats Share Part Inside/outside nucleus Charge Proton Neutron Use the information on the previous slide to fill in the table Part Inside/outside nucleus Charge Proton Neutron Electron

Wildcats Share Label the parts of the atom

Chemistry of Life Element type __________-substance made of only one ______ of atom and can’t be _______ _______ into a simpler form All elements are arranged in a chart known as the ___________ table of ___________ Scientists have given every element its own one- or two- letter __________ Everything is made up of ___________, usually a _____________ and rarely just one kind Most of your body is __________ and __________ Broken down periodic elements symbol elements combination oxygen carbon

Wildcats Share Listen carefully to the elements song. Identify any elements that sound familiar or interesting. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VgVQKCcfwnU

Chemistry of Life Compound elements ____________- substance made up of two or more __________ that are combined ___________ Elements in a compound posses different _____________ than when the elements are by themselves Two types of compounds ___________ and ________ chemically properties molecular ionic

Chemistry of Life molecular ___________- is the smallest part of a ___________ compound and is a group of atoms held together by __________ ______ __________ __________ form when difference atoms ________ their outermost electrons Example: Water Molecule Chemical bonds Molecular compounds share

Chemistry of Life neutral charge Atoms are usually __________, they have no overall _________ _______-positively or negatively __________ atoms ________ ___________-neutral compounds composed of ______ that are oppositely charged and ___________ to one another Example: Sodium chloride (a.k.a. table salt) ______ are important in many life processes that take place in your body Example: __________ and ___________ ions move in and out of nerve cells to send messages Ions charged Ionic compounds ions attracted Ions sodium potassium

Sugar and salt, m & m’s and skittles, Chex mix Chemistry of Life Mixture ___________-a combination of substances in which individual substances _________ their own __________ Example: Mixtures can be ________, liquids, gases, or any _____________ __________ are a special kind of __________ where two or more substances are mixed __________ Example: Salt water, lemonade, Gatorade retain properties Sugar and salt, m & m’s and skittles, Chex mix combination solids Solutions mixture evenly

Chemistry of Life suspension gas A ___________ is formed when a liquid or a ______ has another substance ________ spread throughout it Unlike __________, the substances in a suspension eventually _____ to the bottom evenly solutions sink What would happen if you shook the tubes of separated blood in the picture?

Chemistry of Life carbon _________ __________-always contain _________ and hydrogen and usually are associated with ________ things Organic compounds that make up all living things are carbohydrates, __________, __________, and nucleic acids ______________ supply __________ for cell processes ________ are _______ or oils and do not mix with ________ and release even larger amounts of energy than carbohydrates _________ are building blocks for many structures in organisms ________ _____ are large molecules that store important _______ information in cells Organic compounds living lipids proteins carbohydrates energy Lipids fats water Proteins Nucleic acids coded

Chemistry of Life Inorganic compounds ___________ _________-made from elements other than _________ These compounds are the source of many ___________ needed by living things _________ is the most important inorganic compound for living things All __________ reactions in living things take place in _______ solutions carbon elements Water chemical water

Chemistry of Life atoms The _______ of a water molecule are arranged in a way that the molecule has areas with __________ charges The __________ part of a water molecule is attracted to the _________ part of another water molecule This attraction creates a _______ on the surface of water that can support small insects and makes water ________ This attraction also means _____________ changes of water happen ________ different negative positive film sticky temperature slowly

Wildcats Share Collect a red and blue colored pencil Draw a water molecule by following the example

Wildcats Share Get a Chrome book and research which elements are important for good health. Looking at food labels can be a good start Shade each element you discover on the periodic table you have received

Moving Cellular Materials Window screen A cell membrane works like a _________ ________ for a room, it is ____________ ___________ which means it allows some things to enter of leave the cell while keeping others _________ or outside the cell ________ __________-the movement of substances through the cell membrane __________ the _______ of energy _______ kinds of passive transport Selectively permeable inside Passive transport without input Three

Moving Cellular Materials Diffusion random ___________-the __________ movement of molecules form an area where there is relatively _______ of them to an area where there is relatively ________ of them _____________-occurs when molecules of one substance are spread _________ throughout another substance and __________ stops more fewer Equilibrium evenly diffusion

Moving Cellular Materials Osmosis diffusion ___________-the __________ of water through the cell membrane Water will flow ______ of a cell when there are ________ dissolved substance outside of the cell than inside Water will flow ______ a cell when there are _________ dissolved substances outside of the cell than inside This is why plants become limp when they are not watered out more into fewer

Wildcats Share Describe the kinds of environments you think the cells in the below image where in and whether water was flowing into or out of them

Moving Cellular Materials Facilitated diffusion proteins __________ _________-transport _________ are used to help large ___________ pass through the cell membrane Like a _____________ window at a fast food restaurant, _______ comes out and ________ goes in molecules Drive-thru food money

Wildcats share Imagine you go to a crowded event. You are leaving with the rest of the crowd when you realize you left something in your seat. Now you have to move against the crowd exiting to go back and get your item. Which required more energy leaving with the crowd or returning for you item? Would leaving or returning be passive transport?

Moving Cellular Materials Active transport input _______ __________-occurs when an ________ of energy is required to move materials through a cell membrane _________ ________ are used which require _________ to bind with the needed particle and move it through the cell membrane ____________-process of taking substances _______ a cell by surrounding it with the ______ _________ ___________-process by which _________ release their contents _________ the cell Transport proteins energy Endocytosis into Cell membrane Exocytosis vesicles outside

Energy for Life Metabolism chemical ____________-the total of all __________ reactions in an organism __________ are used in chemical reactions, they are not __________ and are used again. They are like a ____ ________ ____________ are organisms that can make their on food, like _______ ____________ cannot make their own food Enzymes Can opener changed Producers plants Consumers

Energy for Life Respiration Break down ____________-chemical reaction that involve the ______ ______ of food into simpler substances and release their stored ________ Occurs in the ______ of all living things ______________ is a process used when cells don’t have enough ________, that involves the release of some of the _________ stored in _________ molecules Produce waste such as _______ ______, alcohol, or carbon dioxide energy cells Fermentation oxygen energy glucose Lactic acid