NAME:AKSHAY PATEL 130260107002.

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Presentation transcript:

NAME:AKSHAY PATEL 130260107002

TTL Families

Power Dissipation in TTL Devices PD = VCCICC. VCC = power supply voltage. ICC = current used. In general, ICC = (ICCH + ICCL)/2.

Power Dissipation in TTL Devices

TTL Gates Internal Circuitry Uses the bipolar junction transistor. The transistors used are in one of two modes: cutoff or saturation. In cutoff mode, the transistor acts as an open switch. In saturation, the transistor acts as a closed switch.

TTL Gates Internal Circuitry

TTL Inputs LOW inputs allow current to flow from the gate VCC to the input. HIGH inputs cause current to flow to the phase splitter transistor. Open (floating) inputs act as a logic HIGH, but are unstable and vulnerable to noise.

TTL Bipolar Transistor-Transistor Logic (TTL) first introduced by in 1964 (Texas Instruments) TTL has shaped digital technology in many ways Standard TTL family (e.g. 7400) is obsolete Newer TTL families still used (e.g. 74ALS00) Distinct features Multi-emitter transistors Totem-pole transistor arrangement Open LTspice example: TTL NAND… 2-input NAND

TTL evolution Schottky series (74LS00) TTL A major slowdown factor in BJTs is due to transistors going in/out of saturation Shottky diode has a lower forward bias (0.25V) When BC junction would become forward biased, the Schottky diode bypasses the current preventing the transistor from going into saturation These also have lower power requirements than the standard TTL

TTL family evolution Legacy: don’t use in new designs These also have lower power requirements than the standard TTL Legacy: don’t use in new designs Widely used today

CMOS/TTL power requirements TTL power essentially constant (no frequency dependence) CMOS power scales as  f  C  V2 At high frequencies (>> MHz) CMOS dissipates more power than TTL Overall advantage is still for CMOS even for very fast chips – only a relatively small portion of complicated circuitry operates at highest frequencies supply volt. frequency eff. capacitance These also have lower power requirements than the standard TTL

Overview Values typical for Vcc/Vdd = 5V TTL Logic Family Noise Margin TPD Trise/fall VIH,min VIL,max VOH,min VOL,max These also have lower power requirements than the standard TTL Values typical for Vcc/Vdd = 5V When interfacing different families, pay attention to their input/output voltage, current (fanout) specs. CMOS

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