Segregation and Discrimination Chapter 8 Section 3

I.) Legal Segregation At the turn of the 20th century Southern states adopted a broad system of legal policies of racial discrimination

Voting Restrictions: 1. Literacy Tests 2. Poll Tax: tax in which African-Americans had to pay before qualifying to vote 2. Grandfather Clause: if man was eligible to vote prior to Jan. 1, 1867 did not have to pay poll tax

Jim Crow Laws 1. Southern states passed racial segregation laws to separate white and black people in public and private facilities 2. laws called “Jim Crow Laws”

Plessy v. Ferguson 1. U.S. Supreme Court case in 1896 that ruled that separation of the races in public facilities was legal 2. established “separate but equal” 3. permitted legal segregation for next 60 years

II.) Discrimination Racial etiquette: behavior that regulated relationships between whites and blacks 1. violence or lynching if not followed

African-Americans face discrimination in the North 1. move north looking for jobs & social equality 2. find racial discrimination at work and in neighborhoods

Others face discrimination: 1. Mexicans Example: debt peonage: laborers bound to slavery until debt to employer paid off 2. Chinese Example: segregated schools/neighborhoods Chinese Exclusion Act