Functional Area Presentation Multicultural Affairs

What is Culture? Definition provided: Culture generally includes (1) shared histories, (2)languages, (3)foods,  (4)dress, (5)artifacts, (6)symbols, (7)traditions, (8)belief systems, assumptions, philosophies or ideologies, values, norms, moral standards, ethical principles, and other common understandings.

Key Historical Events  African Americans Prior to the Civil War only 28 African-Americans received BAs from American college and were limited to Predominately White Institutions (PWI) and a few HBCUs 1890 HBCUs were founded mainly between the Civil War and 1890 1890 2nd Morrill Act (provide funds for “equitable black education”) 1896 Plessy V Ferguson (separate but equal) 1954 Brown V Board (abolished separate but equal clause) 1964 Title VI of the Civil Rights Act 1998 Although HBCUs represent about 3% of the population they enrolled ~ 14.2% of African American college students

Key Historical Events  Asian Pacific Americans 1970 - 1980 the APA population more than doubled between these years, growing at a rate "more than 10 times that of the US population as a whole"  (Chew and Ogi, 1987) 1988 - 1998 enrollment of APA in Higher Education increased by 80% and of that, 60% enrolled in 4 year institutions 1968-1969 Asian American Studies programs developed as a result of student protest

Key Historical Events  Hispanics WWII - Hispanics began entering Higher Education a little before this time. They were forced to assimilate to reach graduation. 1968 - Mostly due to the “La Raza” movement and the civil rights legislation did a large number of H-L students participate in American higher education During this time period, H-L students mostly matriculated to two year institutions 1988 – 1998 H-L had the highest growth rate for enrollment among the 4 underrepresented groups

Key Historical Events 1568 – Education of Indians by Non-Indians began Native Americans 1568 – Education of Indians by Non-Indians began 1723 – Special facilities were provided at William and Mary 1773 – Continental congress approved $500 at Darthmouth 1968 – First Tribal College opened, majority (27) are now 2-year community colleges

Evolution of the functional area 1960's - When large number of minority students began to appear in PWIs little was done to address their special needs. 1970’s and 80’s - institutions developed offices of minority student services 1970’s and 80’s - colleges witnessed the creation of such programs as the TRIO and Upward Bound 1980’s and 90’s - Gradually turned from Minority Student Services to Multicultural Affairs and began including other areas

Principles of Good Practice There are three main aspects that a good a multicultural affairs office should practice: Provide support to underrepresented cultural groups. Provide multicultural education for all students Promote systemic change that fosters a multicultural perspective across the campus

National Professional Associations National Conference on Race and Ethnicity in American Higher Education (NCORE) http://www.ncore.ou.edu/index.html The Council for the Advancement of Standards in Higher Education https://www.cas.edu/index.html

Roles for Practitioners Educator Advisor Coordinator Role Models

Current and Future Challenges     Maximizing the institutional effectiveness of minority affairs offices     Sustaining or increasing institutional commitment to addressing minority concerns and changing campus cultures.     Rectifying budgetary problems     Increasing financial assistance to students     Assisting underrepresented students     Developing curricula that are reflective of the diverse student population     Developing retention programs for minority students     Merging racial and gender issues

Structural Differences One Cultural Center vs Multiple Advocacy Centers Serving as a resource for more than just ethnicity

Job Posting Director of Multicultural Affairs The Director of Multicultural Affairs leads the development and implementation of programs and educational initiatives designed to increase and enhance the cultural competence of the Homewood community. The Director supervises the overall operations of the office, professional and support staff, and departmental budgets. The director develops and facilitates outof-classroom educational experiences that increase the capacity for critical thought about and understanding of issues of pluralism, race, class, gender, and sexual orientation. Johns Hopkins University is an equal opportunity/affirmative action employer committed to recruiting, supporting, and fostering a diverse community of outstanding faculty, staff, and students. All applicants who share this goal are encouraged to apply. For more detailed information and to apply, go to https://hrnt.jhu.edu/jhujobs/and search for requisition 41503. Director of Multicultural Affairs Institution: the Johns Hopkins University Posted: October 19, 2009 Location: Maryland Category: Minority/ multicultural affairs, Other student affairs Position Description: Not Provided Employment Level: Website: Salary: Unspecified

Article http://chronicle.com/article/Learning-to-Heal-BodyM/46957/