USING A RASPBERRY PI AS A WATER DETECTION SYSTEM Joshua C. Dunn Network Security & Electronics Program, Eastern Kentucky University Joshua_dunn35@mymail.eku.edu

Better known as: FloodPi

Outline Big Picture: Home owners and renters don’t enjoy having their property damaged Water is one of the leading causes of home damage Average cost of repair is $2200 (HomeAdvisor) Key Functions Alerting user to water Providing data for establishment of trends Water damage prevention Insurance write off

Outline (Cont’d) Basic Detection Circuit Layout

Motivation This area in my residence hall floods frequently Why? Who? To protect mine and University Housing’s Property Who? Me and Eastern Kentucky University Housing Where and When? Sullivan Hall, whenever it rains or water accumulates on the floor

Introduction: Technical Background Networking Raspberry Pi uses the network to deliver alerts to the user console Computer Science Raspberry Pi needs a special program to detect water Assembly of Raspberry Pi Electronic Engineering Assembly of detection circuit, shown right

Basic Detection Circuit How it works Voltage flows from 3.3 Volts (Pin 1, yellow square) Then flows to bread board Normal, no water branch has a 10,000 Ohm resistor Water detection branch of the circuit has a 1,000 Ohm resistor If there’s water, then the electricity will take the path of least resistance and flow through the water, and out to GPIO Pin 22 (Green, 8th from top on left) If there is no water, then the power goes through Ground pin (Black, 3rd from top on right)

Problem Statement Main Problem Secondary Problems Detect and alert user if water is detected in the alert area Secondary Problems Ensuring detection circuit is functional Ensuring the system has a power & Ethernet connection

Problems (Cont’d). Constraints & Limitations Limited to being near a plug for both Ethernet and power Limited to areas with internet connection

Assumptions That there’s water that poses a risk to property That the circuit will not spontaneously fail That the web interface for the software won’t fail

Proposed Solution Block Diagram of method Joshua Dunn Capstone Presentation

Proposed Solution, Steps to Solve the Problem Figure out best method for detecting water Figure out how to best report findings to user(s) Mission Critical Functionality Ability to detect water Mission Assistive Functionality Ability to report to user

Results What I learned: Phase 1: Research & Part Searching Phase 2: Building and Testing Phase 3: Proof of Concept

Phase 1: Research & Part Searching Learning how to set objectives for this kind of projects Having a budget Ensuring all parts are compatible with all other componets

Phase 2: Building and Testing How to build a circuit safely Bug testing a circuit Figuring out the best resistive values

Phase 3: Proof of Concept How to make all components mesh together How to design a report and share it with my peers

Conclusions Sensor successfully alarmed in presence of water and non-alarm when water was not present Means Pi could be deployed in the home Not recommended to be sole point of detection Good proof of concept, but potential risks outweigh some of the benefits Learned how to manage software on a remote computer GPIO setup was handled by the website for the Pi Also, rules for alarms were set on the website too.

Conclusions (Cont’d) Good proof-of-concept project However, if you want 100% dependable protection, then an alarm company is the way to go Good project for learning how to work with Raspberry Pi/Linux Had to install the water detection software via Command Line

Future Improvements Add text messaging/phone call capabilities Users will check phone more often than a website Add Battery for remote deployment Allows home user to not need a source of voltage near the potential leak Add case to shield components from splashing Also, add aesthetic value Use the Raspberry Pi 3 instead of the Raspberry Pi 2 Model B Pi 3 has built-in Wi-Fi capabilities

Questions?

Credits Water Damage repair cost, http://www.homeadvisor.com/cost/disaster- recovery/repair-water-damage/ Simplified Detection Circuit, Own work Picture of Sullivan Hall Basement, Own Work Detection Circuit, Own Work Raspberry Pi GPIO Pin layout, http://www.elecrow.com/gpio-extension- board-for-raspberry-pi-p-717.html Lithium Ion Battery https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1a/Li_ion_laptop_ battery.jpg ADT Logo, http://www.techdigest.tv/2011/12/how_to_pick_the.html

Credits (Cont’d) My Paychecks Professors Vigs, Kilgore and Richardson My peers in the Networking & Computer Science Departments Quise, Drake, Justin, Lucas, Eric Matt Phelps CanaKit for the GPIO Breakout Kit Raspberry Pi Foundation