Lecture #1: Ancient Greece (pg. 4)

FLT: Focus Learning Target I will be able to define Direct Democracy, Aristocracy, Monarchy and evaluate which one is the best form of Government by completing an Exit slip.

Government- system that has authority (four types) Athens- 1st democracy (gov. where people vote and make laws) United States Government is based on some Greek ideas) Government- system that has authority (four types) 1. Democracy- people govern/ chose for themselves (vote for leaders and laws) Citizen- person who can participate in gov. 2. Aristocracy- Gov. ruled by the rich/ elite 3. Monarchy- Gov. ruled by a king 4.Oligarchy- Power of the few Analyze how the US reflects into two of these systems but is not completely either of these systems.

Reformers- people who changed Greek Gov. Solon (Cont.) Citizens- all free adult males Limited Democracy- not everyone can vote *Non-Citizens- slaves, foreigners, women, and children 1/10 of population were citizens, 1/3 of pop slaves Evaluate if all people should vote? Explain (Why should some Athenians not vote? Why should everyone vote?)

Pericles(461-429 BC) Golden Age of Greece- allowed poorer citizens to participate more in Gov. through more paid Gov. jobs and paying jurors Direct Democracy- citizens rule directly by voting on every law and Gov. decision, not using a representative I.e.- all citizens who would be eligible to go to war (18-40 year old men) would vote on whether to go to war or negotiate Examine several reasons why direct democracy would not work in the US today and why voting for representatives is necessary? Analyze if direct democracy has a place in today’s politics?

Philosophers(300 BC) used logic and reason (NOT RELIGION) to answer questions regarding the nature of the universe, human society, and morality*A respect of intelligence in Greece allowed democracy to flourish (open to new ideas) Natural Laws: 1. The universe (land, sky, sea) is put together in an orderly way and is subject to absolute & unchanging laws. 2. People can understand these laws through logic and reason . Explain why philosophy and reason would develop in an urban (city) environment and religious ideas would have more popularity in rural (farm) areas

Great Greek Philosophers Socrates- examine and question close beliefs, Ask why?, justice was not always fair or the same for all people Identify one example where justice for the same crime would be different for two criminals Plato (The Republic) wanted society governed by the wisest with fair laws, not the richest and most powerful Aristotle- examined how humans fit in nature and world, Gov. needs to serve the people (not leader) Briefly explain the view Plato and Aristotle felt about Government. Describe how Greek Government reflected Plato and Aristotle’s views