U.S. Internationalization and Study Abroad Trends Heather H. Ward Associate Director for Internationalization and Global Engagement American Council on Education Fulbright Portugal Lisbon October 26, 2017 HEATHER

American Council on Education (ACE) Umbrella organization est. 1918 Leadership & advocacy National and international reach Mission and Goals Approximately1800 institutions All sectors of U.S. higher education Membership When discussing diversity of membership, note that there are opportunities for international students in ALL sectors of U.S. higher education.

ACE Center for Internationalization & Global Engagement (CIGE) Programs Internationalization of US Institutions Global Engagement Research

Mapping Internationalization on U.S. Campuses Only comprehensive source of data and analysis on U.S. higher education internationalization. Survey conducted every 5 years (2001, 2006, 2011, 2016). Includes a range of institution types: Associates (community colleges) Baccalaureate (4-year liberal arts) Master’s Doctoral New report released in June 2017.

Internationalization 72% of institutions report that internationalization has accelerated. More institutions report a high level of internationalization.

Reasons for Internationalizing #1 Improve student preparedness for a global era. #2 Diversify students, faculty, and staff at the home campus. #3 Become more attractive to prospective students at home and overseas.

Priority Activities

Education Abroad About 1/5 of institutions have numerical targets. Range from 1 to 100 percent of students, with average of 33. More common for undergraduates. Slow increase in participation.

Mode of Education Abroad Increase for study abroad, internships, service, research Large number reporting N/A. Opportunities limited for large numbers of students.

Administrative Model Overseen by institutions’ own education abroad offices (52%) Individual faculty (49%) Third-party providers, institutional partners, consortia (25-30%)

Education Abroad Financing More than half of U.S. colleges and universities provide institutional funds for study abroad scholarships. Mostly for undergraduates. At some institutions, financial aid may be used for study abroad, usually for internal / faculty led programs.

Foreign Language Enrollment Total enrollment across all languages decreased by 6.7 percent between 2009 and 2013. Enrollment in Portuguese increased 10.1% in that period. Spanish enrollment exceeded all other languages combined. - Modern Language Association 2013

Foreign Language Requirements In 2016, 46% of respondents have a language requirement for undergraduate degrees. First increase since 2003. Required length of study is one year or the equivalent for about half of the institutions.

Size and Complexity of U.S. Higher Education Degree-granting institutions 4,703 Student enrollment 20,994,113 Degrees awarded annually 3,552,640 Instructional faculty 1,523,615 Staff and faculty (part- and full-time) 3,840,980 Source: Digest of Education Statistics, Title IV eligible degree granting institutions (note: staff includes professional and non-professional staff and faculty full- and part-time instructional faculty for 1995, 2005, and 2011; Table 287) http://nces.ed.gov/programs/digest/2012menu_tables.asp Source: Digest of Education Statistics, NCES Updated 10.13

No U.S. Ministry of Education

Distribution by Sector (2013)   Public Private (Non-Profit) Private (For-Profit) Two-year Community Colleges 989 institutions (28%) 10,992,454 (45%) Junior Colleges 96 institutions (3%) 221,354 students (1%) For-Profit 2-year 699 institutions (20%) 581,833 students (2%) Four-year State Colleges 396 institutions (11%) 3,531,029 students (15%) Liberal Arts Colleges 875 institutions (25%) 2,579,673 students (11%) For-Profit 4-year 195 institutions (5%) 333,054 (1%) University Research Universities 175 institutions (5%) 4,649,256 students (19%) 106 institutions (3%) 1,308,242 students (5%) For-Profit Research 11 institutions (<1%) 79,584 (<1%) Source: Department of Education, IPEDS Note on source: Lindsay Wayt, CPRS research associate, pulled these numbers, with help from Jon Turk Source: Department of Education, IPEDS

Other U.S. Higher Education Trends Increasing access and enrollment of “post-traditional” students Education perceived as pathway to a career Focus on student support, engagement, and retention Reduction of public support for higher education Priority on international student recruitment and internationalization at home

Source: Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation

Discussion

Thank you! Obrigada! Heather H. Ward Associate Director Center for Internationalization and Global Engagement hward@acenet.edu