Bayesian Metric Multidimensional Scaling Ryan Bakker Keith T. Poole

Algorithm Double-Center the Squared Distances to get starts for the Respondents and Political Figures. Run Nelder-Mead in a Zig-Zag fashion to sharpen the starts. Run L-BFGS Optimization on all the parameters simultaneously using the results of Theorem II. Check the Hessian with numerical and analytical 2nd Derivatives. Use the Configuration from the L-BFGS Optimization as the target Configuration for each element (Configuration in the Slice Sampler) using the results of Theorem II. Run the Slice Sampler 110,000 times with 10,000 Burn-in (random or non-random starts).