Echocardiographic modalities for evaluation and risk stratification of heart failure patients. 3D indicates 3-dimensional; EF, ejection fraction; LA, left.

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Echocardiographic modalities for evaluation and risk stratification of heart failure patients. 3D indicates 3-dimensional; EF, ejection fraction; LA, left atrial; LV, left ventricular; MR, mitral regurgitation; and PASP, pulmonary artery systolic pressure. Echocardiographic modalities for evaluation and risk stratification of heart failure patients. 3D indicates 3-dimensional; EF, ejection fraction; LA, left atrial; LV, left ventricular; MR, mitral regurgitation; and PASP, pulmonary artery systolic pressure. Alaa Mabrouk Salem Omar et al. Circ Res. 2016;119:357-374 Copyright © American Heart Association, Inc. All rights reserved.