Anatomical Positions Kinesiology Unit 2

Anatomical Position: Definition: Reference point to describe the location of anatomical parts & to describe & explain human movement

Anatomical Position (continues) Body – erect & facing observer Arms – at side with palms of hands facing forward

Anatomical Position (continues) Supine – Lying on your back Prone – Lying face down

Anatomical Directional Terms: Anterior – nearer to or in front of the body Posterior – nearer to or at the back of the body

Anatomical Directional Terms (continues) Superior – nearer the head Inferior – farther away from the head

Anatomical Directional Terms (continues) Lateral – farther away from the midline of the body or structure Medial – closer to the midline of the body or structure

Anatomical Directional Terms (continues) Proximal – nearer to the attachment of a limb or extremity to the trunk Distal – farther away from the attachment of a limb or extremity to the trunk Superficial – near the surface of the body Deep – farther away from the surface of the body

Anatomical Planes: 1.Sagittal Plane – vertical plane, divides body into left & right Midsagittal Plane – if the masses of the halves are equal

Anatomical Planes (continues) 2.Frontal Plane – vertical plane, divides body into anterior & posterior Midfrontal Plane – if the masses of the halves are equal

Anatomical Planes (continues) 3.Transverse Plane – horizontal plane, divides body into superior & inferior parts Midtransverse Plane – if the masses of the two parts are equal

Anatomical Planes (continues)

Movements: Flexion – decreasing the angle between two joints Extension – increasing the angle between two joints Hyperextension – occurs beyond extended position

Movements (continues) Abduction – moving away from the midline of the body or body part Adduction – moving toward midline of body or body part

Movements (continues) Elevation – moving to superior position Depression – moving to inferior position

Movements (continues) Supination – rotating forearm laterally Pronation – rotating forearm medially

Movements (continues) Inversion – lifting the medial border of the foot Eversion – lifting the lateral border of the foot

Movements (continues) Dorsiflexion – moving the top of the foot toward the shin Plantar flexion – moving the sole of the foot downward (pointing toes)

Movements (continues) Circumduction – flexion, abduction, extension & adduction in a sequence

Movements (continues) Rotation – Turning about the vertical axis of the bone

End of Unit