Lesson 1 – Dual Power

Review from last lesson The events of the 1917 February Revolution To understand and be able to explain the events in February 1917 that led to the fall of Tsarism in Russia

Which view do you agree with? The regime in Russia was cursed with a weak Tsar, a backward economy and a class of aristocrats who were not prepared to share their power with the millions of ordinary Russians. Revolution was only a matter of time. The war did not cause it, although it may have speeded up the process. View 1 The Tsar’s regime was basically stable up to 1914, even if it had some important problems to deal with. It was making steady progress towards becoming a modern state, but this progress was destroyed by the coming of war. Don’t forget that this war was so severe that it also brought Germany, Austria-Hungary and Turkey to their knees as well. Which view do you agree with?

Think-Pair-Share War Tsar To what extent was the Tsar responsible for his own fall from power? Which was more important as a cause of the revolution – failings of the Tsar or the First World War? War Tsar To complete an investigation into the impact of the war. To produce detailed and factual notes. To evaluate the consequences of war on Russia.

Exam practice – due for homework Explain why Tsarism collapsed in February 1917- 6 marks Remember you need to explain several clear reasons / focus on causation Use separate paragraphs (new paragraph for new reasons) Only 6 marks so don’t need an introduction Time- approx. 9 minutes in an exam but now max 15 [18 X Answer lines] Peer-mark this question To complete an investigation into the impact of the war. To produce detailed and factual notes. To evaluate the consequences of war on Russia.

Dual Power in Russia L/O To understand the issues surrounding control of Russia between Feb /March and Oct /Nov 1917.

Dual Power What do you think this term means? What effects do you think this may have on Russia? What is the context of this situation in Russia?

Events of the February Revolution 1917 22 February: Steelworkers go on strike. 23 February: International Women’s Day – demonstrations/ bread riots. 24-26 February: More demonstrations/strikes – Tsarina calls in the army. 26 February : Troops fire on crowds. The Duma urges action – Tsar dissolves the Duma. 27 February : Soldiers mutiny and join riots. Soldiers and workers set up the ‘Petrograd Soviet’ of 2,500 elected deputies (i.e. the Tsar’s government had fallen/ Russia had 2 governments) 27 February Duma sets up a ‘Provisional Government’, led by Kerensky. 27 February The Tsar gets on the train to Petrograd, but (on 2 March) is arrested on the way and  abdicates.

After the Fall of the Monarchy Dual Government The Provisional Government The Petrograd Soviet

Your Task (30 minutes next lesson) Write and deliver an “on the scene” news report from Petrograd in spring of 1917. You need to include… Who is in charge (is this clear?) What problems will they face? Interview with either a member of the Petrograd Soviet (e.g. Trotsky) or the Provisional Government (e.g. Prince Lvov), explaining their attitudes.

In groups of 3-4 you will have 30 minutes next lesson to write and deliver an “on the scene” news report from Petrograd in spring 1917. You need to include… 1) Who is in charge (is this clear?) 2) What problems will they face? Consider the two major problems for the new regime (page 77) 3) Brief interview with either a member of the Petrograd Soviet (e.g. Trotsky) or the Provisional Government (e.g. Prince Lvov), explaining their attitudes. Words to include in your report Provisional Government Petrograd Soviet Prince Lvov Alexander Kerensky Order Number One Dual Government Free speech Equality Political prisoners Revolutionary exiles Okhrana Use pages 75 to 77 of WJEC text / 27-28 of Russia in Transition to ensure that you can explain all the words in detail!

What problems did the Provisional Government face? Discuss with your neighbour for 3 minutes

Problems facing the Provisional Government Land: Peasants demanded it! Govt promises land reform without a date to deliver Hunger: The workers in the cities were demanding food Govt could not guarantee food supplies as Soviets controlled the railway The War: People demanded an end to the war Govt promised one last offensive to win the war Revolutionaries: how to stop their influence spreading! Govt promised political reform to win support from masses but failed to take any positive action The Army: Needed loyalty of the army Troops in Petrograd now under control of Soviets & refused to obey the govt High Expectations?

Lesson 2 – Dual Power

5 Minute Review: What problems did the Provisional Government face? Discuss with your neighbour for 3 minutes

Problems facing the Provisional Government Land: Peasants demanded it! Govt promises land reform without a date to deliver Hunger: The workers in the cities were demanding food Govt could not guarantee food supplies as Soviets controlled the railway The War: People demanded an end to the war Govt promised one last offensive to win the war Revolutionaries: how to stop their influence spreading! Govt promised political reform to win support from masses but failed to take any positive action The Army: Needed loyalty of the army Troops in Petrograd now under control of Soviets & refused to obey the govt High Expectations?

Your Task Today (30 minutes) In groups of 3-4 you will write and deliver an “on the scene” news report from Petrograd in spring of 1917. You need to include… Who is in charge (is this clear?) What problems will they face? Interview with either a member of the Petrograd Soviet (e.g. Trotsky) or the Provisional Government (e.g. Prince Lvov), explaining their attitudes.

In groups of 3-4 you will have 30 minutes to write and deliver an “on the scene” news report from Petrograd in spring 1917. You need to include… 1) Who is in charge (is this clear?) 2) What problems will they face? Consider the two major problems for the new regime (page 77) 3) Brief interview with either a member of the Petrograd Soviet (e.g. Trotsky) or the Provisional Government (e.g. Prince Lvov), explaining their attitudes. Words to include in your report Provisional Government Petrograd Soviet Prince Lvov Alexander Kerensky Order Number One Dual Government Free speech Equality Political prisoners Revolutionary exiles Okhrana Use pages 75 to 77 of WJEC text / 27-28 of Russia in Transition to ensure that you can explain all the words in detail!

ACT OUT THE NEWS REPORTS! 1) Who is in charge (is this clear?) 2) What problems will they face? Consider the two major problems for the new regime (page 77) 3) Brief interview with either a member of the Petrograd Soviet (e.g. Trotsky) or the Provisional Government (e.g. Prince Lvov), explaining their attitudes. Words to include in your report Provisional Government Petrograd Soviet Prince Lvov Alexander Kerensky Order Number One Dual Government Free speech Equality Political prisoners Revolutionary exiles Okhrana Using the checklist, make a tick if you have used the word. Make another tick if you understand it. Please go back and revise the term if you do not. TEST EACH OTHER ON THESE WORDS! ACT OUT THE NEWS REPORTS!