Pg 229 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AeNYDwbm9qw Chapter 7.3 Napoleon Pg 229 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AeNYDwbm9qw

Napoleon Short (5,3) Rose in 4 years from officer to master of France Born in 1769 on Corsica Went to military school and joined the army when the revolution broke out in France

Rise of a Hero 1795 Royalist rebels marched on the National Convention. Napoleon was ordered to defend the delegates and was successful and hailed as a hero 1796 The Directory appointed Napoleon to lead the French Army against Austria and Sardinia and he won! The revolution’s hero

Mistakes Napoleon then took his army to Egypt To protect trade interests Damage British interests Was very unsuccessful and beaten by British This was kept from the French people and he remained a hero

Coup d’Etat 1799 The Directory lost control of the political situation and the confidence of the French people. Napoleon was urged to take control The Directory was dissolved and a group of 3 Consuls was established. Napoleon was quickly est as the 1st Consul. He had powers like a dictator and finished the war with Europe. Peace treaties were signed and Europe was at peace

Restoring France Napoleon’s goal was to rebuild France 1800 a Plebiscite (vote of the people) was held to approve a new constitution. Very popular The French people were desperate for strong leadership. They gave it all to Napoleon.

Changes in France Napoleon kept many of the changes from the Revolution in the new France and prioritized certain things Strong central govt Strong economy Tax collection National banking system Dismissed corrupt officials and provided training Opened Lycees (schools) to all men

Restoration of the Church Napoleon did bring back the church by signing a Concordat (agreement) with Pope Pius VII. This recognized the church’s authority but rejected it in national affairs This gained the support of the church and many of the French people

Napoleonic Code One of Napoleon’s biggest legacies is the Napoleonic code A uniform set of laws which eliminated many injustices However, it limited liberties and prioritized order and authority over individual rights Restricted freedom of press and speech Restored slavery in the French Colonies

Emperor 1804 Napoleon crowns himself Emperor. In the ceremony, he takes the crown from the Pope and crowns himself. Significant move-shows the world he thinks he has more power than the Pope

Creating an Empire Napoleon wasn’t content with France and wanted to control Europe and the Americas France had lost the colony Saint Domingue during the revolution Napoleon failed in his attempt to take it back and sold out of the region (Louisiana Purchase) This gave France money AND strengthened America against Britain

Turning to Europe Napoleon gives up on the New World. He had already annexed part of Austria, Italy, and Switzerland. Britain, fearful of Napoleon, joined with Russia, Austria, and Sweden to defeat Napoleon Napoleon started strong and crushed the opposition in a series of battles

Success! Naopleon’s success forced many European countries to sign treaties and left Britain and their navy as France’s only enemy.

Battle of Trafalgar The only major battle Napoleon ever lost. Naval defeat was crushing Took place off the coast of Spain Horatio Nelson (Britain) led a important battle which established the supremacy of Britains Navy and forced Napoleon to give up on invading Britain.

French Empire At the height of the empire, Napoleon controlled most of Europe. Many were puppet governments that Napoleon led. Or countries that were loosely connected to Napoleon. The empire was huge, but unstable. At its greatest extent, it held together from 1807-1812.