OPM/S: Semantic Engineering of Web Services Eran Toch Instructors: Prof. Dov Dori & Dr. Iris Reinhartz-Berger Technion – Israel Institute of Technology Faculty of Industrial Engineering and Management OPM Workshop – March 2004 Technion – Israel Institute of Technology

Agenda Background Motivation OPM/S – The Solution: Engineering Process OPM/S Modeling Framework OPOSSUM Evaluation and Contribution Future Research Technion – Israel Institute of Technology

Web Services Web-based applications, accessible through standard XML interfaces: Designed to work together following a business plan. Aim to provide the corner stone of: EAI (Enterprise Application Integration). Ubiquitous (Mobile) and personal computing. Inter organizational computing (B2B, supply chains, e-Gov…) UDDI SOUP WSDL Technion – Israel Institute of Technology

Web Services’ Integration – cont’d Big names are busy integrating Web services… Microsoft BEA IBM Biztalk WebLogic Integration IBM Websphere Composer Technion – Israel Institute of Technology

The Semantic Web “The Semantic Web is an extension of the current web in which information is given well-defined meaning, better enabling computers and people to work in cooperation.” Sir Tim Berners-Lee Information can be given formal and common meaning, Using standard XML languages (RDF, OWL). Domain knowledge can be mapped into Ontologies, providing common meta-data for the domain. Products: RSS, FOAF, National Cancer Institute Ontology… I should think of an example here Technion – Israel Institute of Technology

Current Work - Semantic Web with OPM VisWeb: Representation of semantic in OPM. Translating between RDF and OPM languages. Domain Analysis Paradigm: Specifying the domain description as an OPM model. Domain elements specify roles in the system model. The model can be validated against its domain representation. Technion – Israel Institute of Technology

Semantic Web Services OWL-S is an ontology for Web services. Web Services + Semantic Web = Semantic Web Services OWL-S is an ontology for Web services. Semantic Web Services can be used for automatic: Discovery. Invocation. Composition and interoperation. Monitoring. Validation. UI Creation. Technion – Israel Institute of Technology

Semantic Web Services – An Example Discovery Invocation Composition OWL-S OWL-S Hospital Web Service Healthcare Web Service Customer Mobile Agent Developers Customer Technion – Israel Institute of Technology

Research Motivation Semantic Web Services did not cross the boundary between Industry and Academia. Why? OWL-S documents are powerful, but complex to model and understand. Difficult reuse and composition. Current engineering processes do not contain immediate return on effort. Talk about the attitude. Technion – Israel Institute of Technology

Research Objectives Objective: To provide a human-accessible method for modeling and reusing Semantic Web Services. Method: Suggesting an engineering process that simplifies semantic modeling. Modeling framework, based on OPM. Utilizing automatic matching using OPOSSUM: A semantic/structural matching engine. Technion – Israel Institute of Technology

External Services are notated as environmental Engineering Process External Services are notated as environmental Geo ontology Technion – Israel Institute of Technology

Engineering Process – cont’d OPOSSUM Search Results Higher equivalence Lower equivalence Integrated Automatically back to the model Technion – Israel Institute of Technology

Engineering Process Technion – Israel Institute of Technology

Modeling Framework Defining a meta-model for semantic Web services. Extending OPM to support refined logical relations. Extending the domain analysis paradigm. Providing formal and operational mapping between OWL-S and OPM. Technion – Israel Institute of Technology

OPOSSUM* Enable to search through repositories of OPM/S and OWL-S specifications. Presents an integration plan between two models. Query model is specified in OPM, and target models are retrieved according to their Capability Equivalence. Overcomes: Differences in abstraction levels. Sub models. Partial matching. * Object-PrOcess Structural / Semantic Unified Matching Technion – Israel Institute of Technology

Capability Equivalence* CP Represents the extent to which a target model (T) can be reused instead of a query model (Q): General sketch of CP’s calculation algorithm: Calculating semantic similarity. Finding comparison paths. Comparing the paths by FSA’s, including functional and structural equivalences Calculating equivalence value as a weighted average over the path’s results. * In Collaboration with Pnina Soffer Technion – Israel Institute of Technology

Evaluation Theoretical: Empirical Proving that OPM/S is compatible with OWL-S and WSDL. Proving that capability equivalence based matching is stronger than semantic matching. Empirical Testing OPM/S modeling and composition on benchmark applications. Technion – Israel Institute of Technology

Contribution General Community: OPM Community: Easy to use modeling and development method for semantic Web services. Prototype of a semantic matching engine for real life. Byproduct: OWL-S API. OPM Community: Formal definition of the capabilities of an OPM model. Matching algorithm for OPM models. Extending OPM by adding further logical relations. Research opportunities in Web services and Semantic Web. Another example of a domain meta-model. Technion – Israel Institute of Technology

Future Research Comparative experiment, measuring Cognitive perception and readability of the model. OWL mapping to OPM. Using semantic meta-data to speed up engineering tasks. UML-based approaches. Security meta-model. Model as a reverse auction – agent based composition. OPM for personal needs specification (OPL as query language…) Technion – Israel Institute of Technology