1. Semantic Web Fred: Project Objectives & SWF Framework Michael Stollberg Reinhold Herzog Peter Zugmann - 07 April 2004 -

2. Semantic Web Fred, 26-Mar-042 Content Project Information Objectives & Starting Position SWF Architecture –Aim –Components –Mechanisms –Workflow

3. Semantic Web Fred, 26-Mar-043 Project Information Duration: 18 Month, started in Jan. 2004 funded by WWFF –Co Operate Programme 2003 –Priced as 2nd best Proposal in Call Partners –Net Dynamics –DERI Innsbruck Resources: –Website: http://nextwebgeneration.com/projects/swf/http://nextwebgeneration.com/projects/swf/ –SWF Framework: http://www.nextwebgeneration.org/projects/swf/papers/SWF-D1- SWFFramework-final.pdf http://www.nextwebgeneration.org/projects/swf/papers/SWF-D1- SWFFramework-final.pdf –SFRED Whitepaper: http://www.netdynamics- tech.com/media/downloads/FRED-WhitePaper.pdfhttp://www.netdynamics- tech.com/media/downloads/FRED-WhitePaper.pdf

4. Semantic Web Fred, 26-Mar-044 Objectives enhance FRED technology for Automated Cooperation align FRED technology with emerging SWS technologies significant contribution to SWS technologies development an Integrated System of: –Agent Technology –Ontologies –goal-driven Service Resolution –Mediation Facilities SWF in FRED Environment & SWF in Semantic Web Environment

5. Semantic Web Fred, 26-Mar-045 Starting Position FRED system as existing: FredBase: agent runtime environment Agents are called Freds Freds interact in Meetings Smart Objects: Ontology Data Handling Technology Ontology Objects are transformed into Java Objects => Java Technologies for Ontology Usage & Management Complete Ontology Management system, expressiveness mostly equivalent to OWL Goal-driven Task Resolution: Goals, Plans, Processes and Resolution Mechanisms existent, but rudimentary WSMO SWS Technologies: RDF / OWL, OWL-S, WSDL, SOAP, UDDI, WSIL, WSCI, WSCL, BEPL4WS, …

6. Semantic Web Fred, 26-Mar-046 – SWF Architecture – Cooperation Model Aim: Map real world Cooperation Model into Software => Symmetry of cooperating parties : –Why: Goals can only be achieved by cooperation of several parties (e.g. the CEO needs salesman for increasing company’s success, salesman needs CEO for increase sale rate) Every party is requester and provider at the same time –Implication for System Architecture: all potential partners need to have Goals and Services

7. Semantic Web Fred, 26-Mar-047 – SWF Architecture – Implications on System Architecture De-Coupling of Requester and Provider Symmetry of cooperating parties Dynamic Resolution of Cooperation and Services at runtime High Re-usability of Components Heterogeneity of Resources => Very similar to Semantic Web Services

8. Semantic Web Fred, 26-Mar-048 – SWF Architecture Fred A Service Execution Goal Repository Service Repository -Description Registry -Implementation Rep. (Plans, Processes, WS) Goal Instance Service GG Discovery GS Discovery WW Discovery Mediator Repository Ontology Repository Fred B Agent Repository Service Goal Instance Cooperation Environment Service Goal Solver

9. Semantic Web Fred, 26-Mar-049 – SWF Architecture: Components – Ontologies provide machine readable terminology Domain Ontologies & System Ontologies Two “styles” –Smart Object Technology: to be internally used in plans and processes as before (Ontology API, mainly used to manipulate instances in applications) –WSMO Technology: to be used in all external descriptions like goal description and service description, mainly used in discovery by reasoner(s) –Map between both

10. Semantic Web Fred, 26-Mar-0410 – SWF Architecture: Components – Cooperative Goals Complete GoalPartial Goals „my side“„partner’s side“ Usage of Goals in SWF: –Decouple partners by function, time and resource –Search/Request for Cooperation (sell goal and buy goal -> cooperate) –Goal-driven Service Resolution (buy goal -> buyer’s service) Cooperative Goals: –Object of Interest –Cooperation Role Goals Schemas & Goal Instances Partial description of a Goal Instance (how much of “cooperation” in advance?) –How much does the requester know about “future” provider? –Partial Goal: only from owner’s perspective (more realistic)

11. Semantic Web Fred, 26-Mar-0411 – SWF Architecture: Components – Cooperative Goal Description WSMO – Goal Description Elements –Imported Ontologies / Used Mediators –Postconditions –Effects –Non Functional Properties Additional for Goal Instances (to be verified): –Owner, Creation Date –Goal Instance Resolution Steps: : “created”, “pending”, “inProgress”, “resolved”

12. Semantic Web Fred, 26-Mar-0412 – SWF Architecture: Components – SWF Service Model 3 Types of Services: SWF Service PlanProcessExternal Web Service Common Description Language: WSMO (with modification / extensions) Distinct implementation languages: plan framework, Java, XPDL/E Service Type is only of interest during execution

13. Semantic Web Fred, 26-Mar-0413 – SWF Architecture: Components – SWF Service Description Major Description Elements –Imported Ontologies / Used Mediators –Capability (like WSMO) –Interface (only Choreography, see later) –Grounding (access / binding, error & compensation) –Service Type –Non Functional Properties (like WSMO)

14. Semantic Web Fred, 26-Mar-0414 – SWF Architecture: Components – SWF Service Interface stateless or single-state Service Interface stateful Service Interface Choreography Message Activity Start/End External visible Business Process externally) only Choreography (not completely specified yet)

15. Semantic Web Fred, 26-Mar-0415 – SWF Architecture: Components – SWF Service Interface (cont.) Orchestration covered by FRED Processes

16. Semantic Web Fred, 26-Mar-0416 – SWF Architecture: Components – Repositories Ontology Repository –Smart Objects technology sufficient Goal Repository –Holds Goal Schemas & Goal Instances Service Description Repository –Holds service descriptions Service Repository –Holds Plans & Processes –enhanced UDDI Registry (see WSMO D10 – Registry) Agent Repository –Existing in FredBase

17. Semantic Web Fred, 26-Mar-0417 – SWF Architecture: Mechanisms – Automated Cooperation Workflow

18. Semantic Web Fred, 26-Mar-0418 – SWF Architecture: Mechanisms – GG Discovery Detection of potential cooperation partners by matching Cooperative Goals determining Compatibility of Cooperative Goals –Object of Interest (the same) –Cooperation Role (compatible)

19. Semantic Web Fred, 26-Mar-0419 – SWF Architecture: Mechanisms – GS Discovery detection of suitable Services that a partner has to provide for solving a Cooperative Goal equivalent to Service Discovery in WSMO

20. Semantic Web Fred, 26-Mar-0420 – SWF Architecture: Mechanisms – WW Discovery Identify Services that can interact according to their choreography (“matching choreographies”) Mechanism: Service Interface Compatibility by Choreography Matching: –Messaging Compatibility Check –Behavior Compatibility Check –Dynamic Choreography Creation and Adaption Use WW Mediator Determine Cooperation Contract

21. Semantic Web Fred, 26-Mar-0421 – SWF Architecture: Mechanisms – WW Discovery

22. Semantic Web Fred, 26-Mar-0422 – SWF Architecture – Execution Environment Cooperation & Service Invocation Cooperation Contract Service Execution –Resources for Execution of different Service Types –Error handling and Compensation Meeting Management Freds Management

23. Semantic Web Fred, 26-Mar-0423 Project Workplan SWF Framework: finished SWF Goal and Service Description Language Specification SWF Tools and Mechanisms Specification SWF Semantic Processing Unit Specification 05 – 07/2004 08/2004 01/2005