5. The Internet and the World Wide Web

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Presentation transcript:

5. The Internet and the World Wide Web

History of the Internet 1968 Network test-bed: ARPANET connected 4 computers 1970 – first successful packet switching implementation 1972 First email program 1973 Beginning of TCP/IP 1981 Civilian version of ARPANET called CSNET renamed to NSFNET in 1984 Commercial use of NSFNET forbidden 1983 Every host on ARPANET required to convert to TCP/IP standards Over 200 sites connected By 1996 More than 9 million host computers connected

Definitions Internet World Wide Web an international collection of interconnected computer networks based on an open technical standard known as Transmission Control Protocol/ Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) World Wide Web Developed by Tim Berners-Lee (a researcher at CERN) in 1990 Is a widespread means by which users of the Internet could share databases via the HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP) Resulted in the development of web browsers = programs that permit PCs to access a wide variety of files from Web sites. Led to concepts of intranet and extranet.

Intranet and extranet Corporate internal web Also called business-to- business web Extended internet-private business network located outside of corporate firewall. Intranet that is partially accessible to authorised outsiders Network that uses the internet to link businesses with others that share common goals.

Why use Extranets? Exchange large volumes of data using EDI Share product catalogues exclusively with wholesalers or traders Collaborate with other companies on joint development efforts Jointly develop and use training programs with other companies Share news of common interest exclusively with partner companies Provide or access services provided by one company to a group of other companies

Internet Applications World Wide Web Electronic Mail (e-mail) File Transfer Protocol (FTP) Allows one to log on to another computer and transfer file to and from that computer Telnet Allows one to log on to a remote site Internet Relay Chat (IRC) Allows people to communicate in real time and carry out synchronous conversations Chatting and Instant Messaging Internet Telephony Video Conferencing Elements: camera, visual display, audio system, compression, user interface and control system. Newsgroups (Usenet) Mailing Lists (List Server)

Core Features of the Internet Simplicity of Use Breadth of Access Synergy with other media Low relative cost Extension of existing IT resources Flexibility of communication Security Speed and availablity

Discussion: Pros & Cons of the Internet