Date of download: 10/26/2017 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: A Numerical Study of Turbulent Mixed Convection in a Smooth Horizontal Pipe J. Heat Transfer. 2015;138(1):012501-012501-11. doi:10.1115/1.4031112 Figure Legend: Geometry and boundary conditions of a horizontal pipe

Date of download: 10/26/2017 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: A Numerical Study of Turbulent Mixed Convection in a Smooth Horizontal Pipe J. Heat Transfer. 2015;138(1):012501-012501-11. doi:10.1115/1.4031112 Figure Legend: Cross sections showing three grid arrangements: (a) G1, (b) G2, and (c) G3

Date of download: 10/26/2017 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: A Numerical Study of Turbulent Mixed Convection in a Smooth Horizontal Pipe J. Heat Transfer. 2015;138(1):012501-012501-11. doi:10.1115/1.4031112 Figure Legend: Grid sensitivity test results: (a) cross section showing points of temperature, shear stress, and velocity measurements in the fully developed region at z/d = 61.1, (b) grid sensitivity test results for the STDkε model, and (c) grid sensitivity test results for the SSTkω model

Date of download: 10/26/2017 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: A Numerical Study of Turbulent Mixed Convection in a Smooth Horizontal Pipe J. Heat Transfer. 2015;138(1):012501-012501-11. doi:10.1115/1.4031112 Figure Legend: Representative flow patterns in the fully developed region at z/d = 61.1: (a) secondary velocity vectors, (b) isotherms, (c) axial velocity contours, and (d) axial velocity profiles along the vertical diameter

Date of download: 10/26/2017 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: A Numerical Study of Turbulent Mixed Convection in a Smooth Horizontal Pipe J. Heat Transfer. 2015;138(1):012501-012501-11. doi:10.1115/1.4031112 Figure Legend: Comparisons between NuT values obtained from empirical correlations C1–C6 (Table 4) and experiments

Date of download: 10/26/2017 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: A Numerical Study of Turbulent Mixed Convection in a Smooth Horizontal Pipe J. Heat Transfer. 2015;138(1):012501-012501-11. doi:10.1115/1.4031112 Figure Legend: Comparisons between numerical and empirical u+ profiles in the fully developed region at z/d = 61.1 on the radius at (a) φ = 180 deg (lower half of the vertical diameter) and (b) φ = 0 deg (upper half of the vertical diameter)

Date of download: 10/26/2017 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: A Numerical Study of Turbulent Mixed Convection in a Smooth Horizontal Pipe J. Heat Transfer. 2015;138(1):012501-012501-11. doi:10.1115/1.4031112 Figure Legend: Average errors associated with the numerical u+ profiles in the fully developed region at z/d = 61.1 for different angles  φ considering (a) the inner region, (b) the outer region, and (c) the complete boundary layer

Date of download: 10/26/2017 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: A Numerical Study of Turbulent Mixed Convection in a Smooth Horizontal Pipe J. Heat Transfer. 2015;138(1):012501-012501-11. doi:10.1115/1.4031112 Figure Legend: Comparisons between the numerical and empirical T+ profiles in the fully developed region at z/d = 61.1 on the radius at (a) φ = 180 deg (lower half of the vertical diameter) and (b) φ = 0 deg (upper half of the vertical diameter)

Date of download: 10/26/2017 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: A Numerical Study of Turbulent Mixed Convection in a Smooth Horizontal Pipe J. Heat Transfer. 2015;138(1):012501-012501-11. doi:10.1115/1.4031112 Figure Legend: Average errors associated with the numerical T+ profiles in the fully developed region at z/d = 61.1 for different angles  φ considering (a) the inner region, (b) the outer region, and (c) the complete boundary layer

Date of download: 10/26/2017 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: A Numerical Study of Turbulent Mixed Convection in a Smooth Horizontal Pipe J. Heat Transfer. 2015;138(1):012501-012501-11. doi:10.1115/1.4031112 Figure Legend: (a) Comparisons of the numerically predicted Nusselt numbers against the empirical correlation—Eq. (5), in the fully developed region at z/d = 61.1. (b) Errors associated with the numerical predictions of Nu at different angles  φ.