Georgia and the American Experience Chapter 4: 1477-1752 Settlement of the Thirteenth Colony Part 1 Study Presentation This slide introduces Chapter 4, “Settlement of the Thirteenth Colony.”

Georgia and the American Experience Section 1: An Age of Exploration Section 2: English Settlement in the New World Click the section title to move to the section you need.

Section 1: An Age of Exploration ESSENTIAL QUESTION What were the effects of the interactions of Europeans and Native Americans? This is an essential question for this section of the chapter.

Section 1: An Age of Exploration What words do I need to know? middleman monarch colony

Section 1: An Age of Exploration What people do I need to know? Christopher Columbus Hernando De Soto

Section 1: An Age of Exploration What places do I need to know? St. Augustine Guale

Spain and the Age of Exploration Columbus discovered San Salvador Island (part of today’s Bahamas) in 1492. Columbus later explored the coasts of Central and South America and other Caribbean islands. Amerigo Vespucci sailed along the South American coast in 1499; a mapmaker named the new land “America.”

Hernando De Soto Searches Georgia for Gold In 1540, Spanish explorer Hernando De Soto, with hundreds of men, marched north from Tampa, Florida into southwest Georgia (near today’s Albany). De Soto’s weapons, plated armor, and horses overwhelmed the Native Americans; thousands of American Indians in Georgia died, many from disease brought by the Spaniards. The Spaniards marched across Georgia into South Carolina, but never found the gold they sought.

Spain’s Early Missions in Georgia In 1566, Spain established missions on Georgia’s Cumberland Island and St. Catherine’s Island, called Santa Catalina. During the same century, posts were established at Sapelo and St. Simon’s Island. The Spanish missionaries called the region Guale (pronounced “Wallie”) after the Guale Indians. Click to return to the Table of Contents

Section 2: English Settlement of the New World ESSENTIAL QUESTION What caused a rivalry between England and Spain in the New World? This is an essential question for this section of the chapter.

Section 2: English Settlement of the New World What words do I need to know? mercantilism indentured servant slave garrison

Section 2: English Settlement of the New World What places do I need to know? Jamestown, Virginia Fort King George

English Settlements in the New World The English established colonies on North America’s Atlantic coast throughout the 1600s. The goals of the colonists varied, from religious mission, gaining wealth to bettering their lives. Great Britain wanted raw materials from the New World’s colonies, which it would manufacture into finished goods and sell to other countries. This was mercantilism. By 1686, as the English colonies reached as far south as South Carolina, the Spanish retreated from Guale to St. Augustine, Florida. Great Britain wanted a “buffer” colony to protect the English colonists from Spanish Florida.

The English Influence in the Georgia Colony The French began colonizing the Gulf coast and parts of Alabama. England began worrying about the French and Spanish threats to its colonial claims. In 1721, the English established Fort King George at the mouth of the Altamaha River, near today’s Darien. The fort was a “warning point” for invaders from Spanish Florida. The fort was abandoned after six years. Although Great Britain claimed Georgia in 1663, it didn’t begin making plans to settle the territory until 1717. Click to return to the Table of Contents

Click to return to Table of Contents