Chapter 3 Scientific Measurement 3.2 Units of Measurement 3.1 Using and Expressing Measurements 3.2 Units of Measurement 3.3 Solving Conversion Problems Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.

Using SI Units SI Base Units Quantity SI base unit Symbol Length meter Mass kilogram kg Temperature kelvin K Time second s Amount of substance mole mol Luminous intensity candela cd Electric current ampere A Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.

Commonly Used Metric Prefixes Using SI Units Commonly Used Metric Prefixes Prefix Symbol Multiplier Factor kilo k 1000 103 hecto h 100 102 deca da 10 101 ------ ----- Base Unit (meter, gram, liter, etc) deci d 0.1 10-1 centi c 0.01 10-2 milli m 0.001 10-3 King Henry Died By Drinking Chocolate Milk http://www.eamesoffice.com/the-work/powers-of-ten/ Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.

Volume – space occupied by matter Using SI Units Volume – space occupied by matter V = L x W x H SI unit: cubic meter (m3) Liter (L) = 10cm x 10cm x 10cm = 1000cm3 = 1L 1mL = 1 cm3 Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.

Density: ratio of the mass of an object to its volume. Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.

Density This figure compares the density of four substances: lithium, water, aluminum, and lead. Increasing density (mass per unit volume) 10 g 0.53 g/cm3 19 cm3 10 cm3 3.7 cm3 0.88 cm3 1.0 g/cm3 2.7 g/cm3 11.4 g/cm3 Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.

Because of differences in density, liquids separate into layers. As shown at right, corn oil floats on top of water because it is less dense. Corn syrup sinks below water because it is more dense. Corn oil Water Corn syrup Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.

Temperature: measure of how hot or cold an object is. Temperature Scales Temperature: measure of how hot or cold an object is. SI unit: Kelvin (K) Common unit: Celsius Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.

Note: with the Kelvin scale, the degree sign is not used Temperature Scales Note: with the Kelvin scale, the degree sign is not used Celsius Kelvin 100 divisions 100°C Boiling point of water 373.15 K 0°C Freezing point 273.15 K Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.

Temperature Scales One degree Celsius is equivalent to one Kelvin on the Kelvin scale. To convert between the temperature scales, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TNUDBdv3jWI K = °C + 273 °C = K – 273 Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.

Converting Between Temperature Scales Sample Problem 3.7 Converting Between Temperature Scales Normal human body temperature is 37°C. What is this temperature in kelvins? Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.

Converting Between Temperature Scales Sample Problem 3.7 Converting Between Temperature Scales Normal human body temperature is 37°C. What is this temperature in kelvins? K = °C + 273 = 37 + 273 = 310 K Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.

Commonly Used Metric Prefixes Using SI Units Commonly Used Metric Prefixes Prefix Symbol Meaning Factor mega M 1 million times larger than the unit it precedes 106 kilo k 1000 times larger than the unit it precedes 103 deci d 10 times smaller than the unit it precedes 10-1 centi c 100 times smaller than the unit it precedes 10-2 milli m 1000 times smaller than the unit it precedes 10-3 micro μ 1 million times smaller than the unit it precedes 10-6 nano n 1 billion times smaller than the unit it precedes 10-9 pico p 1 trillion times smaller than the unit it precedes 10-12 All metric units are based on multiples of 10. As a result, you can convert between units easily. Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.

END OF 3.2 Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.