Some questions and facts

Economy, Energy and Environment Can we achieve three goals efficiently and simultaneously? What are the effective policies and actions based on the past experience? Achieve Industrialization for Economic Growth Supply Stable and Clean Energy for Economic Growth Protect Local and Global Environment

Steel Consumption under Economic Growth Per capita steel consumption grows rapidly after it reaches 100kg/person/year. The ceiling is 600-800kg/person/year. Change in Per Capita Steel Consumption in Japan, Korea and China (kg/person/year) Countries those per capita steel consumption is less than 100kg (2014) 　・India 　・Indonesia 　・Myanmar 　・Philippine 　・Kenya 　・Morocco 　・Uruguay 　・Colombia 　・Guatemala　etc. Japan 67 69 71 73 75 77 79 81 83 85 87 89 91 93 95 97 99 Korea 90 92 94 96 98 00 02 04 06 08 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 China Source: Worldsteel

Change in Per Capita Cement Consumption (kg/person/year) Cement Consumption under Economic Growth Per capita cement consumption grows up to around 600kg/person/year. It declines to 300-400kg/person/year and stabilize. Change in Per Capita Cement Consumption (kg/person/year) Source: Ouchi, Masahiro (2003) “Characterization of Investment in Construction in Japan through Consumption of Cement as the Index for the Amount of Structures Constructed” Journal of Construction Management, Vol. 10, Japan Society of Civil Engineers, P. 259-267 Satoshi Yamane (2011) "World Cement Consumption and Cement Export of Japan" Concrete Journal, Vol. 49, No. 9, Japan Concrete Institute, P. 44-46 World Population Prospects: The 2015 Revision, UN

World Per Capita Electricity Consumption (kWh/capita/year) Electricity Consumption after 1990 Per capita electricity consumption differs more than 10 times globally. It is still growing even in some developed countries. Stable power supply is indispensable in the industrialization stage. World Per Capita Electricity Consumption (kWh/capita/year) Source: IEA Statistics (https://www.iea.org/statistics/statisticssearch/)