Chapter #13: Settling the West (1865-1900) GO WEST...!!! The Great Plains The Wheat Belt Chapter #13: Settling the West (1865-1900)

The West

Gold Gold silver silver copper copper Gold Gold silver silver copper copper

1) What attracted the first wave Copper 1) What attracted the first wave of settlers to the West?

1) What attracted the first wave GOLD 1) What attracted the first wave of settlers to the West?

1) What attracted the first wave of settlers to the West? SILVER

Placer Mining placer mining 2) What is the difference between placer mining and quartz mining? Placer Mining placer mining -the process of digging for minerals by hand or using simple equipment like picks, shovels, and pans.

-digging deep beneath the surface. Quartz Mining Quartz Mining -digging deep beneath the surface.

3) What was Henry Comstock's "big strike in Nevada"? -probably the greatest mineral (silver) find in american history. 1,000 ---> 30,000 (population)

nevada city, montana Bodie Ghost Town (California) 4)Why was it common for settlements to shift from "boomtown" to "ghost town"? "Boom" Town (silver, gold, or copper discovered and people move to that location) "Ghost" Town (Use up all resources and move on... which leaves that settlement abandoned) Bodie Ghost Town (California) nevada city, montana

5) What were Vigilance Committees (Vigilantes)? *Take The Law Into Your Own Hands? *Volunteer Law Enforcers?

6) Why was the sluice more efficient than panning for precious minerals? - a sluice is a wooden box trench with "riffles" or grooves at the bottom. River water flows through and minerals settle at the bottom.

silver copper 7) What attracted newcomers to present-day states of Colorado, North / South Dakota and Montana? GOLD silver copper

8) How was the Texas Longhorn breed of cattle different from cattle in the East? Great Plains = Tough Conditions *water is scarce *tough prairie grass Longhorn Cattle *lean & rangy...could easily survive in the harsh climate of the Great Plains!

1) Civil War 2) Railroads and Cattle Trails 9) What 2 developments gave ranchers reason to round up longhorns? 1) Civil War 2) Railroads and Cattle Trails emerge in the Great Plains. -limited supply of cattle in the east to feed civil war soldiers (1860-1865).

#10: "Mining Country and Cattle Trails, 1848-1890" 1) What cities were destination points for the Chisholm Trail? 2) Why do you think the destination cities at the end of the cattle trails are all located along railroad lines?

#11: The Long Drive *Cowboys hired by major ranchers to "drive" their cattle north and sell for a profit.

#12: How did heavy investment in the cattle industry affect the industry as a whole? *More money invested on cattle Acquire more cattle supply of cattle exceeds demand an oversupply of cattle Price of Cattle (drops) Cattle ranchers lose money

#13: Where is the Great Plains region located?

14) What geographic factors created challenges to the settlement of the Great Plains in the late 1800s? a) 20 inches of rain per year. b) trees only grow along rivers.

15) What factors attracted settlers to the Great Plains? a) railroads b) ticket to prosperity c) "rain follows the plow"

#16: What did the Homestead Act provide for settlers in the Great Plains region? a) public land available for settlement. b) 160 acres of land / title after 5 yrs. c) legal method for settling land in west.

#17: What kind of inventions and new farming methods revolutionized agriculture in the Great Plains region? dry farming (plant seeds deep in ground where there is enough moisture) seed drills steel plow

#18: Where is the Wheat Belt region located?

#19: Why did farmers fall on hard times? a) #1 world wheat exporter b) rising competition globally c) glut of wheat on the world market d) wheat prices drop

#20) What was the Oklahoma Land Rush? *one of the last territories open for settlement in the West. *Symbolized the end of an era (the frontier was closing)

#21) In what ways were different groups of Plains Indians similar? *close relationship with nature. *extended family networks *governing council *traditional gender roles

#22) Why did settlers and Native Americans clash throughout the Great Plains region? *broken land treaties *native american hunting grounds. *forced to live on reservations

#23) What proposal did the Indian Peace Commission present to the Plains Indians? *2 large reservations on the Plains, 1 for the Sioux and 1 for southern Plains Indians. *united states military would settle any disputes or problems.

available for American/ Native American conflicts? What were some options available for American/ Native American conflicts? What was the BEST option?

Bury My Heart At Wounded Knee

How did Charles Eastman live within two worlds? Define the 1887 Dawes Act and why was this seen as the “best” thing for Native Americans by whites.

How do we see Native Americans and their concerns today? http://www.nativelegalupdate.com/articles/tribal-law-and-justice/

Ch. 13 Quiz Turn in the Bury My Heart at Wounded Knee Assignment 2. Gather all information completed from this unit. Study it NOW! Strap in and take the Quiz