Rat Dissection Final

Skinning Your Rat

Carefully remove the skin of the rat to expose the muscles below. This task is best accomplished with scissors and forceps where the skin is gently lifted and snipped away from the muscles. Use the lines on the diagram to cut a similar pattern, avoiding the genital area. Gently peel the skin from the muscles, using scissors and a probe to tease away muscles that stick to the skin.

The Muscular System Identify the Following Muscles:

Rectus Abdomis Oblique Deltoid Trapezius Latissimus Dorsi Gastrocnemius Biceps Femoris Biceps Triceps Rectus Femoris Vastus Lateralis Vastus Medialis Sartorius Gluteus Maximus Gluteus Medius Soleus Tibialis Anterior

Muscular System Questions: Describe aerobic respiration Describe anaerobic respiration Muscular System Questions:

The Thoracic Organs

Cut through the abdominal wall of the rat following the incision marks in the picture. Be careful not to cut to deeply and keep the tip of your scissors pointed upwards. Do not damage the underlying structures. Once you have opened the body cavity, you will need to rinse it in the sink. Locate the following organs: Diaphragm Heart Traceha Lungs Remove the Heart and one Lung and set them aside Procedure:

The Heart: Locate the following: Right and Left atria Right and Left Ventricles Bicuspid and Tricuspid Valves Aorta Vena Cava Pulmonary Artery and Vein Note: If you cannot see a structure due to the small scale of the rat, be able to explain where it is located! The Heart:

Trace the flow of blood through the heart Heart Questions

The Lungs Locate the following: Right and Left Bronchial Tubes Bronchiolles Alveoli Note: If you cannot see a structure due to the small scale of the rat, be able to explain where it is located! The Lungs

How does the structure of a bronchial tube differ from the structure of a bronchiole? What is an alveoli? Describe internal respiration. Describe external respiration. Describe the volume and pressure changes associates with pulmonary ventilation. Lung Questions:

The Abdominal Organs

Remove the stomach and set it aside Locate the Following: Liver Esophagus Stomach Spleen Pancreas Small Intestine Duodenum Ileum Jejenum Large Intestine Ascending Colon Decending Colon Sigmoid Colon Transverse Colon Rectum Remove the stomach and set it aside

The Stomach Locate the Following: Rugae Cardiac Sphincter Pyloric Sphincter Cardai Fundus Pylorus Note: If you cannot see a structure due to the small scale of the rat, be able to explain where it is located! The Stomach

The Pelvic Organs

Locate the Following: Kidneys Renal Artery Renal Vein Ureter Urethra Bladder

Urinary System Questions: Describe the process of filtration and the structure associated with this process. Describe the process of reabsorption and the structures associated with this process. What is micturition? Describe what healthy urine should and should not contain. Urinary System Questions:

The Reproductive System You will be responsible for identification of BOTH male and female organs regardless of the sex or your rat!

Locate the Following Testes Scrotum Vas Deferens Epididymis Penis Prostate Vagina Ovary Fallopian Tubes Uterus: Notice the uterine horns extending towards the kidneys. This uterus is common for animals that give birth to litters Note: If you cannot see a structure due to the small scale of the rat, be able to explain where it is located!

Reproductive System Questions Describe the monthly female hormone cycle. Describe the 3 phases of labor. Reproductive System Questions