How do you become a Supreme Court Justice? The president appoints all Supreme Court Justices However, the Senate must approve of the president’s appointment before someone can become a justice. This is an example of checks and balances!

Bell Ringer 5/17/16 What do you know about FDR (Franklin Roosevelt? President?) How do you become a Supreme Court Judge? How long are you a judge ?

I. Supreme Court The Supreme Court decides: WHETHER A LAW IS CONSTITUTIONAL! Did the New Deal consist of laws? YES! Congress passed many laws when creating the New Deal Program How many justices serve on the Supreme Court? -9 How long do they serve? -for life or until retirement

II.Franklin D. Roosevelt’s Appeal In 1932 presidential election, FDR was perceived as a man of action. Hoover was viewed as a “do-nothing president.” Results: FDR wins election by a landslide

Situation When FDR Entered Office In March 1933, the country was virtually leaderless and the banking system had collapsed.

FDR Restored Confidence In his inaugural address, he said “The only thing we have to fear is fear itself….” He promised vigorous leadership and bold action, called for discipline and cooperation, expressed his faith in democracy, and asked for divine protection and guidance.

III. FDR’s Personal Qualities He was a practical politician who practiced the art of the possible. He was a charismatic person who exhibited a warmth and understanding of people. He knew how to handle press by focusing attention on Washington. He provided dynamic leadership in a time of crisis. He was willing to experiment

IV. Purposes of the New Deal Relief: to provide jobs for the unemployed and to protect farmers from foreclosure Recovery: to get the economy back into high gear, “priming the pump” Reform: To regulate banks, to abolish child labor, and to conserve farm lands Overall objective: to save capitalism

First New Deal (1933-1934) Emphasis: reform Political Position: conservative Primary aim: economic recovery Philosophy: economic nationalism and economic scarcity (i.e., raise prices by creating the illusion of scarcity) Objectives: higher prices for agriculture and business Beneficiaries: big business and agricultural business

National Recovery Act (NRA) Purpose: recovery of industry Created a partnership of business, labor, and government to attack the depression with such measures as price controls, high wages, and codes of fair competition

First Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA) Purpose: the recovery of agriculture Paid farmers who agreed to reduce production of basic crops such as cotton, wheat, tobacco, hogs, and corn Money came from a tax on processors such as flour millers and meat packers who passed the cost on to the consumer

V. Supreme Court attacks the New Deal Programs The Supreme Court ruled that some New Deal programs like the NRA (National Recovery Act) and the AAA (Agricultural Adjustment Administration) violated the constitution by setting wage and price limits. FDR sees the Supreme Court as the enemy of the New Deal

VI. Court Packing Scheme 1937: FDR proposes that for every Justice who reaches the age of 70, the President should be allowed to add another Justice! Under this plan, the maximum # of Justices would be 15

Court Packing Scheme FDR is trying to “pack the Court” with justices who will stop “messing” with his New Deal programs! Americans see this as a violation of our system of separation of powers and violation of checks and balances.

Court Packing Scheme The public and Congress say no! Separation of powers is maintained! The # of Justices remains at 9.

Court Packing Some say Roosevelt is acting like a dictator. Roosevelt is elected four times and is president for 13 years! This will lead to the 22nd Amendment ( 1951) : A president can only serve two terms. Period.

1. What is the Supreme Court doing to the New Deal programs. 2 1. What is the Supreme Court doing to the New Deal programs? 2. How did FDR propose to deal with this problem? 3. How did his solution violate the Constitution?

What is the main idea of this cartoon?

Legacy/Impact of the New Deal New Deal increased the role of the government. We moved away from the policy of laissez faire. Government began to be more involved in social and economic issues. New Deal increased the size of the government. Some programs like SSA, FDIC, SEC are still in existence today.