Copyright © 2014 American Medical Association. All rights reserved. From: Infrared-Based Blink-Detecting Glasses for Facial PacingToward a Bionic Blink JAMA Facial Plast Surg. 2014;16(3):211-218. doi:10.1001/jamafacial.2014.1 Figure Legend: Prototype Blink Detection Pair of GlassesFrontal (A) and lateral (B) views of a prototype blink detection pair of glasses with an arrow demonstrating the path in infrared (IR) light traveling horizontally across the corneal surface from the IR LED (nasal side) toward the IR detector (temporal side). Date of download: 10/20/2017 Copyright © 2014 American Medical Association. All rights reserved.

Copyright © 2014 American Medical Association. All rights reserved. From: Infrared-Based Blink-Detecting Glasses for Facial PacingToward a Bionic Blink JAMA Facial Plast Surg. 2014;16(3):211-218. doi:10.1001/jamafacial.2014.1 Figure Legend: Flow Diagram of the Eye Blink Detection SystemThe diagram shows the (1) infrared (IR) emitter and detector units in relation to the eye, (2) variable gain of the preamplifier receiving the phototransistor output, (3) signal filtering, and (4) final output of the circuit as a time-varying analogue voltage ranging from 0 to 5 V. An unbroken beam generates a 5-V output, whereas a completely obstructed beam generates a 0-V output, with partial obstruction producing voltages in between these extremes. LED indicates light-emitting diode.aFairchild Semiconductor Corporation. Date of download: 10/20/2017 Copyright © 2014 American Medical Association. All rights reserved.

Copyright © 2014 American Medical Association. All rights reserved. From: Infrared-Based Blink-Detecting Glasses for Facial PacingToward a Bionic Blink JAMA Facial Plast Surg. 2014;16(3):211-218. doi:10.1001/jamafacial.2014.1 Figure Legend: Blink Detection System Testing and Data CollectionA, A participant is shown standing in position for the 6-minute blink detection recording session, photographed during the initial 102-second instructional video. B, An adjustable chin rest helped participants maintain a forward head position, and a forward gaze was held through the instructional video (during which spontaneous blinks were detected). C, Photograph of a participant assuming an upper right gaze position as she looked at a target (blue dot). Targets appeared in the 4 corners of the smart board screen, in addition to center, upper center, and lower center (see Methods section for presentation sequence). Date of download: 10/20/2017 Copyright © 2014 American Medical Association. All rights reserved.

Copyright © 2014 American Medical Association. All rights reserved. From: Infrared-Based Blink-Detecting Glasses for Facial PacingToward a Bionic Blink JAMA Facial Plast Surg. 2014;16(3):211-218. doi:10.1001/jamafacial.2014.1 Figure Legend: Examples of the Blink Detection Circuit Output for a Blink and Downward GazeThe detector receives a relatively unobstructed beam during forward gaze, producing an output in the 4- to 5-V range (A, time zero), but drops in voltage when the beam is broken by the lowering upper eyelid during a blink or looking downward. This drop in voltage is typically more rapid for blinking than gaze-related eyelid movement, as shown by the slope (downward pointing arrows) and by the first derivative of the output signals (B). The difference in peak derivative for blink vs downward gaze is highlighted by the dotted lines and double-headed arrow. Date of download: 10/20/2017 Copyright © 2014 American Medical Association. All rights reserved.