Systems A view of a system requires understanding the whole in terms of interacting component subsystems, boundaries, inputs and outputs, energy transformations and feedback.

Systems Definitions Two or more individual parts that work together to perform a single function (job) and combine to form a whole. Matter energy and information can flow through a system.

Systems Vocab Input- Something put into a system or expended in its operation to achieve output or a result Output- The energy, power, or work produced by a system. Components- being or serving as an element (in something larger); composing; constituent Products- Something produced by human or mechanical effort or by a natural process. Transformations- change in form, appearance, nature, or character

Most things are made of parts When parts are put together, they can do things that they couldn’t do by themselves Something may not work as well if a part is missing, broken, worn-out, mismatched, or misconnected

Some common science systems Earth - Moon system Solar system Convection currents Car and ramp Grand Canyon Stream table Levers and pulleys Volcanoes Weather Water cycle Lava lamps Human body Ecosystems Pendulums

Inputs and Outputs Every system has an INPUT and OUTPUT. Its OUTPUT is the function (job) that it does or the result of its job. What is its INPUT? Brager, Mather, and Smoot 2011

Inputs can be…. ENERGY—in some form. (light, heat MATTER—some kind of “stuff” so it can do its job INFORMATION Brager, Mather, and Smoot 2011

Inputs and Outputs Systems have inputs - things that get put in to make the system function. Systems have outputs – what they do, and sometimes other things like what they produce.

Inputs In order to carry out their purpose, systems need an input of some kind of energy. Sometimes they need other inputs of matter (stuff) or information too. OUR DEFINITIION: An input is something that enters the system. It can be matter (stuff), information, or energy

Forms of Energy Input There are lots of kinds of energy. Some common kinds are: Electrical Thermal (heat) Mechanical (movement) Nuclear Chemical (food is one example; a battery is another) Sound Light

What kind of energy input is needed by these systems?

Output Outputs from a system can include what they do, energy, information, and any other matter (stuff) that comes out. OUR DEFINITION: An output is something that leaves the system. It can be matter (stuff), information, or energy

What kind of energy output is produced by these systems?

Outputs can become inputs. Sometimes the output from one system can become the input for another system.

Practice Name the inputs and outputs for a dairy cow.

Practice Name the inputs and outputs for broccoli.

Practice Name the inputs and outputs for a toaster.

Sometimes systems are too large to study so they are broken down into smaller subsystems.

A subsystem is a system within a system

Subsystems Cooling system of an engine.

Inputs Outputs Components Energy Transformations ______________________________ System Framework (Boundaries) Components Energy Transformations

Notes Complete Bring up for a stamp if finished with the notes. Grab the house and car as a system assignment on the counter and work on it as a group.