The Cell Cycle/Mitosis & Meiosis Notes

Mitosis vs. Meiosis

Meiosis Parent Cell 2 Daughter cells 4 Daughter cells

What’s the difference? Mitosis- includes one round of cell division (PMAT once) Meiosis- includes two rounds of cell division (PMAT twice)

How many daughter cells are produced? What’s the difference? How many daughter cells are produced? Mitosis produces 2 identical daughter cells Meiosis produces 4 genetically different daughter cells

What’s the difference? Mitosis creates body (somatic) cells needed for growth or to repair/replace other cells that have been damaged or worn out Meiosis creates gametes (sex cells) for reproduction.

What’s the difference? Mitosis –crossing over DOES NOT occur Meiosis –crossing over OCCURS Crossing over- the exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes to increase genetic diversity in offspring

What’s the difference? The cells created from mitosis are diploid. The cells created from meiosis are haploid Definitions: Diploid – full set-two of each type of chromosome (in homologous pair – carry the same trait) ex-in humans= ?? Haploid – half a set-one of each type of chromosome ex- in humans= ??

Why are gametes haploid? Gametes must be haploid (contain half the number of chromosomes) so that when the reproductive cells (sperm and eggs) combine, the organism produced will have the correct number of chromosomes.