Prepared by: Eng. Maryam Adel Abdel-Hady eng_maryamadel@yahoo.com “ UBUNTU “ lab1 Prepared by: Eng. Maryam Adel Abdel-Hady eng_maryamadel@yahoo.com

The history of linux The story of Linux: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ygLPc8SQv2Y http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0kteK4-RSJ8

UBUNTU introduction: http://youtu.be/AmIjub2szWQ

What UBUNTU is Ubuntu is open-source computer operating system with 20 million users worldwide. But it’s also so much more than that: it is a collaborative project and, first and foremost, Ubuntu is a community of people. Tint: Ubuntu is not Linux, Ubuntu is an operating system that uses the Linux kernel. Put simply, Linux is one part of Ubuntu, which is made of many different parts.

Why we will use UBUNTU There are many reasons to use Ubuntu, but here are some of the most important ones: It’s free and open source: shared code, shared efforts, shared principles, no cost. It’s easy to use, trial and install: you don’t have to be an expert. It’s beautiful, sleek, and stylish It’s stable and fast: usually loads in less than a minute on modern computers. It has no major viruses! Ubuntu is immune to computer-crashing Windows viruses. Say goodbye to Blue Screens of Death! It’s up-to-date: Canonical releases new versions of Ubuntu every six months and also brings you regular updates for free. It is the next big thing.

How to install UBUNTU? There are different ways you can install Ubuntu on to your computer: “Download & Install It” This option will replace your current operating system with Ubuntu. A complete installation will run the fastest and smoothest on your computer, but requires a full commitment to leave behind your old operating system. “Try It On A CD Or USB Stick” This option will allow you to maintain your current operating system and also run Ubuntu from an independent storage device. This installation requires the least commitment from you and your computer, but will probably affect the quality and speed of Ubuntu’s performance. “Run It Alongside Windows Or Mac OS” >>> Dual Boot Or install it on VM ( Virtual Machine )

Try It On A CD Or USB Stick You can Try the UBUNTU on A CD or USB with the UBUNTU source. First download the latest Version of Ubuntu15.10 from: http://www.ubuntu.com/download/desktop You can make a bootable CD by this program or any other similar program: http://gburner_1.en.softonic.com/download After installation : Click Copy then Burn Image You can make a bootable USB by this program or any other similar program: http://www.pendrivelinux.com/downloads/Universal-USB-Installer/Universal-USB-Installer-1.9.1.5.exe How to create a bootable USB stick on Windows? http://www.ubuntu.com/download/help/create-a-usb-stick-on-windows

Install It Alongside Windows (Dual Boot) Installing Ubuntu alongside Windows is easy to do because Ubuntu uses an official installer for Windows called Wubi. What’s great about Wubi? With it you can install and uninstall Ubuntu in the same way as any other Windows application. Wubi was designed specifically to bridge the two operating systems, so it’s simple and safe to use. What Is Wubi? Wubi is a stand-alone application that you can download to install Ubuntu from within your current Windows operating system. This is a helpful video for this type of installation: http://youtu.be/b6Ycx2K2OeY

Install UBUNTU on VMbox Requirements: Windows Operating System host you should first install latest Virtualbox from: https://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Downloads For windows >>> http://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/5.1.8/VirtualBox-5.1.8-111374-Win.exe User Manual http://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/5.1.8/UserManual.pdf Also, download the latest Version of Ubuntu15.10 from: http://www.ubuntu.com/download/desktop Internet connection for updating. Enough memory to both run UBUNTU and your host Operating System. This is a helpful video for this type of the installation. http://youtu.be/hK-oggHEetc

VirtualBox Virtual Disk formats VirtualBox understands several disk formats including: .vdi or "Virtual Disk Image", the native format for VirtualBox .vmdk - VMware's format .vhd – Microsoft's format Virtual Disk Images (VDI) files are used by VirtualBox as its own container format for guest hard disks. This is the format that will be used when users create a new VM with a new disk. VirtualBox also fully supports the popular and open VMDK container format that is used by many other virtualization products, in particular, by Vmware The VHD format used by Microsoft is also fully supported by VirtualBox. VirtualBox also supports image files of Parallels version 2 (HDD format). The later versions (3&4) are not supported due to a lack of documentation. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VHD_(file_format)

Dual Boot VS. Vmbox

Dual Boot VS. VMbox A dual-boot allows you, at boot time, to decide which operating system you want to use. Installing Ubuntu on a virtual machine inside of Windows has a lot advantages over a dual-boot (but also a few disadvantages). Advantages of virtual installation The size of the installation doesn't have to be predetermined. It can be a dynamically resized virtual hard drive. You do not need to reboot in order to switch between Ubuntu and Windows. The virtual machine will use your Windows internet connection, so you don't have to worry about Ubuntu not detecting your wireless card, if you have one. The virtual machine will set up its own video configuration, so you don't have to worry about installing proprietary graphics drivers to get a reasonable screen resolution. You always have Windows to fall back on in case there are any problems. All you have to do is press the right Control key instead of rebooting your entire computer. For troubleshooting purposes, you can easily take screenshots of any part of Ubuntu (including the boot menu or the login screen). It's low commitment. If you later decide you don't like Ubuntu, all you have to do is delete the virtual hard drive and uninstall Virtual-Box.

Dual Boot VS. VMbox Disadvantages of virtual installation In order to get any kind of decent performance, you need at least 512 MB of RAM, because you are running an entire operating system (Ubuntu) inside another entire operating system (Windows). The more memory, the better. I would recommend at least 1 GB of RAM. Even though the low commitment factor can seem like an advantage at first, if you later decide you want to switch to Ubuntu and ditch Windows completely, you cannot simply delete your Windows partition. You would have to find some way to migrate out your settings from the virtual machine and then install Ubuntu over Windows outside the virtual machine. Every time you want to use Ubuntu, you have to wait for two boot times (the time it takes to boot Windows, and then the time it takes to boot Ubuntu within Windows).

After installing UBUNTU Now that you’ve successfully installed Ubuntu and logged in for the first time, you should be greeted with a screen that looks something like this: Welcome To Unity! Ubuntu’s Default Desktop Environment. Unity is Ubuntu’s default desktop environment. In simplest terms, it is what you see when you log-in to Ubuntu. It is within Unity that you can drag, drop, and click on various icons and menus to interact with the Ubuntu operating system.

5 Alternatives to Unity for Ubuntu Users http://www.makeuseof.com/tag/5-alternatives-unity-ubuntu-users-linux/ GNOME KDE XFCE LXDE Xmonad Picking a favorite desktop environment is like picking a favorite color.

Links You can make online Tour through this site: For online help: http://www.ubuntu.com/tour/en/ For online help: https://help.ubuntu.com/ For installing applications on Ubuntu http://appnr.com/

OS tutorial http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5AjReRMoG3Y