Good Afternoon! Warm Up: Scientific Investigation vocabulary sheet on the front desk…front page only Keep your homework (we will discuss) Today: Observation vs. Inference notes Practice Tennis Ball activity Class work Remind. Com (Remind me to show you at the end!)

Group Work You will work with students in your row. Do not write on the “classroom copy” packet! Use this data to discuss and answer the questions. You will be turning in the two answer sheets for a grade. You will not have the entire class to do this. Work diligently, please.

Group Work Use the vocabulary list to make flash cards only of the words you don’t already know. Cut/paste characteristics of Bacteria and Viruses on the Venn Diagram. (I’ll check and you’ll keep in your notebook.) “Design Your Own Virus” Answer questions on the sheet. (Turn in) Construct virus using Play Doh  Shape must include one or more of the shapes provided on the “Virus Structure” sheet.

Good Afternoon Warm Up Today: 1. All of the following are examples of ____________. Body Temperature Blood pressure Blood pH O2 and CO2 concentration Osmoregulation-Water balance Blood glucose 2. List the characteristics that all living things share. 3. The following picture is an example of _______________. 4. How are digestion and synthesis different? 5. The energy needed to fuel the body is obtained by the oxidation of food in what process? Today: Virus Notes Virus Group Activity Quiz Time to work on your CW and HW

Viruses

What is a virus? A tiny, non-living particle. Enters cells, takes over and reproduces inside of them. An invader of cells.

Characteristics of Viruses Are not cells. Do not use their own energy to grow or respond to their surroundings. Can not make food or waste. Viruses can and do multiply

Viruses can ONLY multiply inside of a living HOST CELL.

PARASITE = an organism that lives on or in a host and causes harm. HOST = an organism that provides a source of energy for a virus or another organism. PARASITE = an organism that lives on or in a host and causes harm.

A virus that only infects bacteria. Viral Shapes Bacteriophage A virus that only infects bacteria.

Examples of Viruses

Viruses are VERY small and can not be seen without a powerful microscope.

Viruses have a protein coat and genetic material.

How come we can not get the Tobacco Mosaic Virus? Viruses can only infect the host that they are intended for. The proteins on the surface of the virus fit the proteins on the surface of a host cell like this key fits this lock.

Active Viruses Enter cell. Take over cell functions. Produces more viruses. Cell bursts releasing lots of new viruses. Those viruses infect more cells.

between an active and hidden What is the difference between an active and hidden virus? The genetic material of a hidden virus can “hide” inside of the cell. It is undetected or hidden so the cell can not attack the virus! You can NEVER get rid of a hidden virus…EVER.

Jenner Creator of 1st vaccine with smallpox Injected a little boy with live cow pox. Sent him into a smallpox infected area.

HPV (Human Papilloma Virus)* Vaccines of Today Measles Mumps Rubella Polio Flu Chicken Pox* HPV (Human Papilloma Virus)* Hepitis Rabies

Lytic and lysogenic cycles   Release: New viruses leave host cell. 5. Bacterial cell wall Bacterial chromosome capsid nucleic acid Attachment: Capsid combines with receptor. 1. Maturation: Assembly of viral components. 4. a. Lytic cycle Penetration: Viral DNA enters host. 2. Biosynthesis: Viral components are synthesized. 3. b. Lysogenic cycle prophage Integration: Viral DNA passed on when bacteria reproduce. Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

Bacterial cell wall capsid Bacterial chromosome nucleic acid 1. Attachment: Capsid combines with receptor. 1. Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

Bacterial cell wall capsid Bacterial chromosome nucleic acid 1.   Bacterial cell wall Bacterial chromosome capsid nucleic acid Attachment: Capsid combines with receptor. 1. Penetration: Viral DNA enters host. 2. Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

Bacterial cell wall capsid Bacterial chromosome nucleic acid 1.   Bacterial cell wall Bacterial chromosome capsid nucleic acid Attachment: Capsid combines with receptor. 1. a. Lytic cycle Penetration: Viral DNA enters host. 2. Biosynthesis: Viral components are synthesized. 3. Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

Bacterial cell wall capsid Bacterial chromosome nucleic acid 1. 4.   Bacterial cell wall Bacterial chromosome capsid nucleic acid Attachment: Capsid combines with receptor. 1. Maturation: Assembly of viral components. 4. a. Lytic cycle Penetration: Viral DNA enters host. 2. Biosynthesis: Viral components are synthesized. 3. Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

5. New viruses leave host cell. Bacterial cell wall capsid Release: New viruses leave host cell. 5.   Bacterial cell wall Bacterial chromosome capsid nucleic acid Attachment: Capsid combines with receptor. 1. Maturation: Assembly of viral components. 4. a. Lytic cycle Penetration: Viral DNA enters host. 2. Biosynthesis: Viral components are synthesized. 3. Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

5. New viruses leave host cell. Bacterial cell wall capsid Release: New viruses leave host cell. 5.   Bacterial cell wall Bacterial chromosome capsid nucleic acid Attachment: Capsid combines with receptor. 1. Maturation: Assembly of viral components. 4. a. Lytic cycle Penetration: Viral DNA enters host. 2. Biosynthesis: Viral components are synthesized. 3. b. Lysogenic cycle Integration: Viral DNA passed on when bacteria reproduce. Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

5. New viruses leave host cell. Bacterial cell wall capsid Release: New viruses leave host cell. 5.   Bacterial cell wall Bacterial chromosome capsid nucleic acid Attachment: Capsid combines with receptor. 1. Maturation: Assembly of viral components. 4. a. Lytic cycle Penetration: Viral DNA enters host. 2. Biosynthesis: Viral components are synthesized. 3. b. Lysogenic cycle prophage Integration: Viral DNA passed on when bacteria reproduce. Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

5. New viruses leave host cell. Bacterial cell wall capsid Release: New viruses leave host cell. 5.   Bacterial cell wall Bacterial chromosome capsid nucleic acid Attachment: Capsid combines with receptor. 1. Maturation: Assembly of viral components. 4. a. Lytic cycle Penetration: Viral DNA enters host. 2. Biosynthesis: Viral components are synthesized. 3. b. Lysogenic cycle prophage Integration: Viral DNA passed on when bacteria reproduce. Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

Questions to Accompany Viruses Power Point   1. What is a virus? 2. Is virus alive? 3. Name 2 characteristics of viruses. 4. What is the difference between a host and a parasite? 5. List 3 viruses that were named in the presentation. 6. Can a tobacco mosaic virus infect a human? Why or why not. 7. What is the difference between an active virus and a hidden virus? 8. What did the scientist named Jenner discover?

Answer Key 1. What is a virus? A virus is a non-living particle that takes over a host cell and reproduces.   2. Is virus alive? That is still debated. It is generally considered non-living because it cannot reproduce on its own. 3. Name 2 characteristics of viruses. Are not cells, cannot make food or waste, do not use their own energy. 4. What is the difference between a host and a parasite? The host is infected and harmed by the parasite. It takes over the cell and uses the cell to its own benefit.

  5. List 3 viruses that were named in the presentation. Ebola, Hanta, Smallpox, Flu… 6. Can a tobacco mosaic virus infect a human? Why or why not. No it cannot. The host range for that virus is a plant. It might be able to infect different types of plants but not animals. 7. What is the difference between an active virus and a hidden virus? An active virus gets into the cells of the host and makes new viruses. The host cells are destroyed very quickly. A hidden virus gets into the genetic material of the host cell. It can wait for a very long time to become active. Even when it does, other cells are already infected with hidden viruses and do not become active. 8. What did the scientist named Jenner discover? Jenner is credited with creating the very first vaccine (using cowpox).