AIM: World War I Do Now: Questions on anything? Packet? Castle Learning? Get ready for quiz Essay for test found on webpage!!! 2/7 http://www.history.com/videos/causes-of-world-war-i#causes-of-world-war-i

America on the Homefront World War I -- America on the Homefront

Questions (Copy and Answer): 1. Why did war break out in Europe in 1914? 2. Summarize the reason President Wilson did not enter the war in 1914? 3. Why did the US enter the war in 1917?

I. War Mobilization

A. Enlistment War Mobilization Enlistment Selective Service Act = the draft

1. Selective Service Act The Most Famous Recruitment Poster

B. Expansion of the Federal Government Expansion of the Federal Government = government asked Americans to help out with the war effort Victory Gardens = Americans were encouraged to grow their own food so that the food farmers grew could be given to the soldiers overseas for the war effort Rationing = People were encouraged to do without for the war effort. Wheatless Wednesday and Meatless Monday are example of this Results of this New Organization of the Economy? Trade increases Expansion of “big government” = government grows and become involved in the citizens lives more Excessive government regulations in the economy = government is setting prices and wages during the war Business and agriculture increase Federal government makes loans to allies

U. S. Food Administration 1. Victory Gardens U. S. Food Administration

2. Rationing

3. Results of This New Organization of the Economy? Trade increases b. Excessive Govt. regulations in economy c. Business and agriculture increase

II. New Social/Economic Opportunities

A. Women

1. Munitions Work Munitions Work = women entered into the factories to help with the building of weapons

2. The Red Cross - Greatest Mother in the World Women = men also took over men’s jobs and were encouraged to buy liberty bonds in the name of the war effort. Many women also entered the red cross and were sent overseas at nurses to help with the wounded soldiers

3. Suffrage Women working helped them get the right to vote

B. African-Americans

1. Opportunities for African-Americans in WWI “Great Migration.” 1916 – 1919  70,000 War industries work. Enlistment in segregated units. African Americans Opportunities for Africans Americans in WWI Great Migration 1916 – 1919 70,000 African Americans move north from the south looking for jobs, freedom (from jim crow laws) and opportunities War industries work = many helped build weapons for the war effort Enlistment in segregated units = African Americans served in the armed forces but in segregated units

III. Wartime Propaganda

1. War Industries Board (WIB) Government controlled factories that produced important war materials, such as steel, rubber, and oil. The board also controlled factories that produced weapons, ammunitions, and uniforms.

2. Committee on Public Information (CPI) To popularize the war, the government set up the nation’s first propaganda agency, the CPI. Propaganda is a type of biased communication designed to influence people’s thoughts and actions. The cpi encouraged patriotism and loyalty to the US through posters, pamphlets and speeches.

Paying for the war Wartime Propaganda Committee of Public Information = “sold” America on the war Taxes increased as did the sale of war bonds.