The Congress of Vienna September 1814 - June 1815

What do you see?

King Frederick William III Charles Maurice de Talleyrand CONGRESS OF VIENNA-the Cast: Austria Emperor Francis I Russia Czar Alexander I Prussia King Frederick William III Great Britain Lord Castlereagh France Charles Maurice de Talleyrand And the now the star of the Congress…

CONGRESS OF VIENNA-the STAR: Prince Klemens von Metternich - Austria

********Goals******* CONGRESS OF VIENNA ********Goals******* Ensure France would not become an aggressor Restore the “balance of power” in Europe Re-establish the principle of legitimacy Done in France and Spain with the Restoration of the Bourbon Dynasty (Legitimacy is the hereditary right of a monarch to rule)

Goal Explanation: The Congress did not want to punish France, but rather to insure that the French could not again embark on wars of aggression. 2. In addition, the Congress sought to restore a balance of power, so that no one country could attempt to dominate Europe. France had a proper place in that balance; therefore, France could not be weakened excessively.

Goal Explanation Continued: The principle of legitimacy involved the desire of the great powers to restore rulers and boundaries as they had existed prior to the French Revolution and Napoleonic Wars. Only when possible and desirable by the statesmen. (A Return to Monarchies) 4. A return of Church authority.

Important Decisions: France was deprived of all territory conquered by Napoleon The Dutch Republic was united with the Austrian Netherlands to form a single kingdom of the Netherlands Norway and Sweden were joined under a single monarch Switzerland was declared neutral Russia got Finland and effective control over the new kingdom of Poland Prussia was given much of Saxony and Rhine Province Austria was given back most of the territory it had lost and was also given new lands in Germany and Italy Britain got several strategic colonial territories, and they also gained control of the seas France was restored under the rule of Louis XVIII Spain was restored under Ferdinand VII “Concert of Europe”- Each would help the the other if revolution broke out

The Legacy of the Congress of Vienna: Increased Nationalism in Germany, Italy, Greece and other area that were placed under foreign control Latin America used these events in Europe to declare their Independence The principles of Democracy survived the Congress’s attempts to destroy it The Spread of Enlightenment ideas Rise of international organizations Holy Alliance Quadruple Alliance

Legacy continued… The establishment of a Conservative movement in Europe. The idea that society was too revolutionary, and must be quelled. If, radical (liberalism) movements were allowed to proceed, it would result in further chaos as seen in France. Upsetting the balance of power. The principle of intervention- The powers of Europe would send in armies to forcibly put down any revolution that may break out.