Serbian Environmental Protection Agency Eionet NRC Workshop on Biodiversity Ecosystems, Indicators and Assessments Copenhagen, 30th June and 1st July 2016 Slavisa Popovic Serbia

Serbian Environmental Protection Agency Reports Annual Environmental Reports since 2003. Annual Biodiversity Indicators-based Reports since 2014. Analytical Report: “Serbian Forests Indicators by CORINE Land Cover”. Partial preparation of National CBD Reports. Preparation of common regional biodiversity indicators and short report. SOER, UNECE … National CHM web portal – Regional Balkan Biodiversity CHM web portal

Serbian Environmental Protection Agency Revised NBSAP Revised National Biodiversity Strategy is harmonized with Aichi and EU targets. National Targets Aichi Targets EU Targets Strateški cilj 1: Zaustavljeno smanjenje biodiverziteta očuvanjem raznovrsnosti na genetičkom, specijskom i ekosistemskom nivou Strateški cilj C: Poboljšati stanje biodiverziteta kroz očuvanje raznovrsnosti na svim nivoima (ekosistemski, specijski i genetički diverzitet) Strateški cilj B: smanjiti direktne pritiske na biodiverzitet i promovisati održivo korišćenje EU cilj 1: Potpuna implementacija Direktive o pticama i Direktive o staništima EU cilj 2: Održavanje i obnova ekosistema i usluga koje pružaju EU cilj 5. Suzbijanje stranih invazivnih vrsta 1.1 Smanjeno nestajanje, degradacija i fragmentacija staništa Aiči cilj 5. Do 2020. godine stopa gubitka svih prirodnih staništa, uključujući i šume, je najmanje prepolovljena, a gde je to izvodljivo, svedena i na nulu, uz značajno smanjenje degradacija i fragmentacije staništa. EU cilj 1. Zaustaviti gubitak svih vrsta i staništa na koje se odnosi zakonodavstvo EU o zaštiti prirode i postići značajan i merljiv napredak u njihovom statusu, tako da, do 2020. godine, u odnosu na sadašnje procene: (I) 100% više procena za staništa i 50% više procena za vrste koji se nalaze u aneksima Direktive o staništima pokazuju poboljšani status zaštite; i (ii) 50% više procena za vrste koje se nalaze u aneksima Direktive o pticama pokazuju stabilan ili poboljšani status. 1.2 Smanjeno opadanje populacija divljih vrsta Aiči cilj 12. Do 2020. godine je sprečeno izumiranje poznatih ugroženih vrsta i njihovo stanje zaštite je poboljšano i učinjeno održivim, posebno onih vrsta čija je brojnost u stalnom opadanju.

Serbian Environmental Protection Agency Indicators IV National Report to CBD 37 indicators in Appendix II V National Report to CBD 14 indicators without appendix Revised NBSAP 2020 54 indicators for reporting 21 indicators have been annually reported

Serbian Environmental Protection Agency Biodiversity indicators Biodiversity indicators in Serbia

Introduction 1.Biodiversity (5) 2.Forestry, hunting and fishery (11) 3.Sustainable use of natural resources (5) 4.Additional optional indicators (over 30)

Biodiversity indicators B1: Endangered and protected species B2: Protected area B3: Ecological networks B4: Birds B5: Dead wood

B1: Endangered and protected species

B1: Protected species Change of protected species number 1993-2010 (644-2646). Strictly protected species from the list of international Conventions and EU Directives

B2: Protected area Protected area is about 578 500 ha, witch is 6,5 % of Serbia.

B3: Ecological networks EMERALD network (61 sites, 1 020 000 ha) Important Birds area (42 sites, 1 300 000 ha) Prime Butterfly area NATURA 2000 in preparation

B4: Birds Grassland (23) and forestland (23) birds population trends 1990-2000 and 2000-2012 Forestland birds populations increased in period 2000-2012. Grassland birds populations were stabile or slight declined.

B4: Griffon Vulture Nesting pars and younglings trend of Griffon Vulture in Serbia increased for about 10 times for the least 20 years. (Image S. Marinkovic)

B5: Dead wood Dead wood in forests is 7.22 cubic meters per ha.

Forestry, hunting and fishery Forestry 5 indicators Hunting 1 indicator Fishery 4 indicators Sustainable use of natural resources 4 indicators Forestry indicators have been prepared according to Ministerial conference (MCPFE) in Vienna 2002.

F1: Forest area, stands and forest types Forest area is about 32 000 km2 (27 000 km2 without KiM). Forest area increased since 1953. for about 1.300.000 ha.

SU4: Serbian Forests Indicators by CORINE Land Cover Forest area, 311+312+313= Forested landscape, 311 + 312 + 313 + 0.5×324 + 0.33×243= Forested landscape (German model), 311 + 312 + 313 + 324 + 0.33×243= Forest land, 311 + 312 + 313 + 324= Forest and semi-natural area, 311 + 312 + 313 + 321 + 324 + 331 + 332 + 333 + 334= Analytical report: “Serbian Forests Indicators by CORINE Land Cover” http://www.sepa.gov.rs/index.php?menu=5005&id=19&akcija=showExternal

SU4: Serbian Forests Indicators by CORINE Land Cover In general can be concluded that in period 1990-2000 natural vegetation succession went towards forest ecosystems with increment of an area of transitional vegetation, and in the following period, 2000-2012, this transitional vegetation already reached forest stadium and significantly increased both area covered by the forest as well as other areas that were included into forest vegetation stadium. Significant changes about tenfold in all indicators in the period 2000-2012. wood industry habitat changes gaseous trade Relative indicators changes during the years 1990-2000-2012 (100 %=1990.)

SU4: Serbian Forests Indicators by CORINE Land Cover The most significant change, in the polygons number for period 2000-2012, showed indicator Forest land which increment of 4.4 % or 456 polygons. Analysis of indicator Forest and semi natural areas, showed increasing in number of polygons for 2.7 % or 326 polygons. Enhanced number for both indicators Forest area and German model of Forested landscape was about 0.8 % or for 50 polygons. The only indicator that showed decrement of 0.8 % or 87 polygons was Forested landscape. Change in number of polygons per indicator 2000-2012.

F2: Forest species Forest species according to volume Forest species according to number of trees Tree species number in forest associations

F3: Forest health condition Broadleaves species strong defoliation increased, but dead wood decreased. Coniferous species strong defoliation increased significantly and dead wood increased for about 5 times!!!!

F4: Climate change and biodiversity Dead wood of 4 main tree species (Beech, Hungarian oak, Turkey oak and Spruce) strongly increased since 2008. Even 6 summers (June, July and August) were very or extremely hot and dry. One year lag between significant increase in class 4 (to some extent 3) and significant hot and dry condition during summer (e.g. 2007, 2008, 2011, 2012, 2013).

F4: Climate change and biodiversity Beech Hungarian oak Turkey oak Spruce Beech had one year lag between significant increase in class 4 (to some extent 3) and significant hot and dry condition during summer (e.g. 2007, 2008, 2011, 2012, 2013). Hungarian oak two years lag. Turkey oak 3-4 years leg.

F5: Damages in forests Damage from insects increased for 34 %. Damage from storms increased 3.5 times (116 000 cubic meters). Damage from people decreased for 8 %. Forest fire area and volume have oscillated.

SU1: Forest management and the consumption of forests Forest products manufactured from state forests increased from 0.7 to 0.92 cubic meters per hectare since 2000. Sale increased for about 40 %.

SU2: Forest growth and cutting The ratio of annual increment (about 9 millions m3) and annual cutting (2 950 000 m3) is about 3:1.

SU3: Re-forestation During 2015. it was re-forested 1550 ha, witch was 35 % more than previous year.

H1: Main game species dynamic of populations Populations of rabbit, pheasant and wild boar decreased. Populations of roe and quail increased.

Fish1: Inland water fish species 110 fish species and subspecies in Serbia. In Danube river basin 79 species. In Adriatic sea basin 16 native species. There is no data for Aegean sea basin.

Fish2: Index of fish biomass and catch Fish catch in Serbian rivers has decreasing trend. (*New methodology of SEPA and SORS) Fish catch by species.

Fish2: Index of fish biomass and catch Commercial fishery significantly decreased. Sport fishing was dominant in past 6 years.

Fish3: Aquaculture production Fish production in ponds has decreased for about 50 % in past 3 years.

Fish4: Fragmentation of river system River Fragmentation Index (No of dams/length of rivers) in Serbia is 0.01895. There is about 170 dams on (in) the rivers until 2010. Fish catch since 2010 is one half than catch in 1980s. Catch in Danube increase.

Fish4: Fragmentation of river system- catch in Danube After Iron Gate I construction (1972), catch of Eel in Danube was not registered and catch of Stellat sturgeon have decreased significantly.

Fish4: Fragmentation of river system-catch in Danube

Fish4: Fragmentation of river system-fish pond in Danube Fish population density in Danube before, between and after dams in 2012 No of fish species with stable population density before and after dam 5 No of fish species with higher population density after dams 4 No of fish species with lower population density after dams 19   Before Iron Gate 1 Between Iron Gate 1 and Iron Gate2 After Iron Gate 2 Total biomass of 28 fish species (kg/ha) 1937.5 587.3 920

Conclusions 21 indicators have been annual reported. http://biodiverzitet-chm.rs/ http://www.sepa.gov.rs/ Over the 30 indicators were calculated for different national and international Conventions and Reports

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